Embryonic Abnormalities of Two Seaslug Species from South Spain

Martínez‐Pita, Inés; Garcı́a, Francisco

doi:10.1007/s41208-017-0028-z

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…Around the British Isles the species reproduces and lay eggs during late spring and early summer (Miller, 1961; Bruce et al ., 1963; Thompson & Brown, 1984), but in Norway we found aggregations of the species from November in the winter to June in late spring, although the exact time of these peaks of abundance can vary from year to year (Erling Svensen, personal observation). The egg-mass is white and crescent-shaped and the eggs are spherical, small and have been documented to range between 0.06–0.08 mm in diameter (Schmekel et al ., 1982; Martínez-Pita et al ., 2006; Martínez-Pita & García, 2017), which according to Martínez-Pita et al . (2006) is an egg size typically found in species with planktotrophic larval development.…”

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confidence: 96%

Integrative taxonomy reveals a cryptic species of the nudibranch genusPolycera(Polyceridae) in European waters

et al. 2020

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This work aimed to test whether the colour variability featured by the European nudibranch Polycera quadrilineata is consistent with the concept of a single polychromatic species or may hide multiple lineages. Samples from across the geographic range of P. quadrilineata together with representatives from worldwide species with a focus on Atlantic diversity, were gathered and studied using an integrative taxonomic approach. Morpho-anatomical characters were investigated by light and scanning electron microscopy. Bayesian molecular phylogenetics using MrBayes, the Automatic Barcode Gap Discovery species delimitation method, and haplotype network analysis using the PopArt software were employed to help delimit species using the mitochondrial gene cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI). The results supported the existence of a second species, here described and named Polycera norvegica sp. nov., only known from Norway where it is sympatric with P. quadrilineata. The COI uncorrected p-genetic distance between the two species was estimated at 9.6–12.4%. Polycera norvegica sp. nov. differs by exhibiting a black dotted or patchy dotted pattern occasionally with more or less defined orange/brown patches, but never black continuous or dashed stripes as in P. quadrilineata. The two species share a common colouration with a whitish base and yellow/orange tubercles. Anatomically, P. norvegica sp. nov. has a weaker labial cuticle, a smaller radula with fewer rows, and only four marginal teeth, a reproductive system with a single lobed bursa copulatrix, shorter reproductive ducts, and a penis armed with two kinds of spines: needle-like and hook-shaped penile spines.

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