Embryology of Mimulus Ringens

Arekal, Govindappa D.

doi:10.1086/336296

Cited by 11 publications

(26 citation statements)

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“…The Mimulus mature female gametophyte is the Polygonum type, and posesses two haploid synergid cells, a haploid egg cell and two antipodal cells, one of which is binucleate (as described for M. ringens (Arekal, 1965) (Fig. 5a).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Comparing the pattern of embryo development of M. guttatus and M. nudatus with that of M. ringens (Arekal, 1965), and to a lesser extent, the cultivar M. tigrinus (Guilford & Fisk, 1951) enables us to shed light on the variation in seed development within the Phrymaeceae. Like M. ringens and M. tigrinus , both M. guttatus and M. nudatus exhibit the Polygonum-type of female gametophyte and ab initio cellular endosperm.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While this mode of development is shared by many groups of flowering plants, two other major modes of endosperm development, helobial and cellular, are also distributed widely among angiosperms (Bharathan, 1999). Indeed, ab initio cellular development, wherein karyokinesis is always followed by cytokinesis, is thought to be the ancestral state of endosperm development (Floyd & Friedman, 2000) and is characteristic of a few other model plant systems including Solanum (Lester & Kang, 1998) and Mimulus (Guilford & Fisk, 1951; Arekal, 1965). More broadly, the extent to which basic features of embryo and endosperm development may vary among closely related taxa remains an open question and one which can only be addressed by examining and comparing development between closely related species in other taxa.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Disruption of endosperm development is a major cause of hybrid seed inviability between Mimulus guttatus and Mimulus nudatus

2016

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Summary Divergence of developmental mechanisms within populations may lead to hybrid developmental failure, and may be a factor driving speciation in angiosperms. We investigate patterns of endosperm and embryo development in Mimulus guttatus and the closely related, serpentine endemic M. nudatus, and compare them to those of reciprocal hybrid seed. We address whether disruption in hybrid seed development is the primary source of reproductive isolation between these sympatric taxa. M. guttatus and M. nudatus differ in the pattern and timing of endosperm and embryo development. Some hybrid seed exhibit early disruption of endosperm development and are completely inviable, while others develop relatively normally at first, but later exhibit impaired endosperm proliferation and low germination success. These developmental patterns are reflected in mature hybrid seed, which are either small and flat (indicating little to no endosperm), or shriveled (indicating reduced endosperm volume). Hybrid seed inviability forms a potent reproductive barrier between M. guttatus and M. nudatus. We shed light on the extent of developmental variation between closely related species within the M. guttatus species complex, an important ecological model system, and provide a partial mechanism for the hybrid barrier between M. guttatus and M. nudatus.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Disruption of endosperm development is a major cause of hybrid seed inviability between Mimulus guttatus and Mimulus nudatus

2016

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“…Intriguingly, Arekal (1965) The chalazal haustorium appears to be more prominent and persist 440 longer in M. nudatus than in M. guttatus or M. ringens (Arekal, 1965). Another notable 441 developmental difference between M. guttatus and M. nudatus is the pattern of endosperm 442 development: endosperm cellularization appears to produce cells that are more regularly 443 dispersed in M. guttatus than in M. nudatus at 5 DAP (Fig.…”

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confidence: 96%

“…Averaging across accessions, 92% (± 5.6 SD; N=50) of seed from self-fertilized M. guttatus 333 accessions germinated, while 62.5% (± 26.5 SD; N = 32) of self-fertilized M. nudatus seed 334 germinated (see Table 3 for germination success by accession and cross); the difference between 335 the species was not significant (Fisher exact test, p = 0.484 The Mimulus mature female gametophyte is the Polygonum type, which posesses two haploid 346 synergid cells, a haploid egg cell and two antipodal cells, one of which is binucleate (as 347 described for M. ringens (Arekal, 1965)) ( Fig. 5a.…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

Disruption of endosperm development is a major cause of hybrid seed inviability between Mimulus guttatus and M. nudatus

Oneal

Willis

Franks

2015

Preprint

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Unusual Cytological Patterns in Microsporogenesis and Pollen Development of Evolutionary Significance in the Mimulus Glabratus Complex (Scrophulariaceae)

Tai

Vickery

1972

American J of Botany

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Four populations of Mimulus glabratus var. utahensis Pennell from the Great Basin and seven of M. glabratus var. fremontii (Bentham) Grant from the New Mexico–Texas–northeastern Mexico area were intercrossed and their F1 hybrids grown. Cytology and fertility of both the parental populations and the F1 hybrids were studied. The following cytological abnormalities were observed in microsporogenesis: cytomixis, the stretching of one or more chromosomes from cell to cell; multipolar divisions, separation of the chromosome complement into two or more parts; unequal disjunction; spontaneous polyploidization; and the production of encapsulated pollen tetrads. Typically, these abnormalities were rare or not observed in the parents, were rare in the intravarietal hybrids, but were more common in the intervarietal hybrids. They were closely associated with, in fact were the probably causes of, barriers to gene exchange between these two diploid (n = 15) varieties. Thus, the apparent causes of barriers to gene exchange in intervarietal hybrids are the likely mechanisms for the evolution of aneuploidy and polyploidy so characteristic of the rest of the Mimulus glabratus complex.

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Embryology of Mimulus Ringens

Cited by 11 publications

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Disruption of endosperm development is a major cause of hybrid seed inviability between Mimulus guttatus and Mimulus nudatus

Disruption of endosperm development is a major cause of hybrid seed inviability between Mimulus guttatus and Mimulus nudatus

Disruption of endosperm development is a major cause of hybrid seed inviability between Mimulus guttatus and M. nudatus

Unusual Cytological Patterns in Microsporogenesis and Pollen Development of Evolutionary Significance in the Mimulus Glabratus Complex (Scrophulariaceae)

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