Embryogenesis and organogenesis of Carausius morosus under spaceflight conditions

Bücker, H.; Horneck, G.; Reitz, Guenther; Graul, E.H.; Berger, Hanna; Höffken, H.; Rüther, W.; Heinrich, W.; Beaujean, R.

doi:10.1007/bf00367289

Cited by 39 publications

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“…The influence of microgravity on insect development had been reported during the 7 day German Spacelab Mission D1. Eggs of Carausius morosus with five different age groups were exposed to spaceflight conditions, microgravity leads to a reduced hatching rate of eggs exposed in the early stages of development (Bucker et al 1986). The hatching rate decreased significantly after Chinese silkworm were bred onboard the Chinese 12th recoverable satellite (Shi et al 1994).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of High Magneto-Gravitational Environment on Silkworm Embryogenesis

Tian

Qian

et al. 2009

Microgravity Sci. Technol.

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The objective of this research was to observe whether silkworm embryos can survive in a high magneto-gravitational environment (HMGE) and what significant phenotype changes can be produced. The hatching rate, hatching time, life span, growth velocity and cocoon weight of silkworm were measured after silkworm embryos were exposed to HMGE (0 g, 12 T; 1 g, 16 T; and 2 g, 12 T) for a period of time. Compared with the control group, 0 g exposure resulted in a lower hatching rate and a shorter life span. Statistically insignificant morphological changes had been observed for larvae growth velocity, incidence of abnormal markings and weight of cocoons. These results suggest that the effect of HMGE on silkworm embryogenesis is not lethal. Bio-effects of silkworm embryogenesis at 0 g in a HMGE were similar with those of space flight. The hatching time, life span and hatching rates of silkworm may be potential phenotype markers related to exposure in a weightless environment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of High Magneto-Gravitational Environment on Silkworm Embryogenesis

Tian

Qian

et al. 2009

Microgravity Sci. Technol.

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“…The results are controversial. In some cases, no significant effects were found [18,19,20], while in some other studies, either enhanced effects [21,22] or suppressed effects [23] were noted. Although the reason for these variable results is not known, it is possible that they may be due to the diversity of the biological systems used for these studies under various different experimental conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased Chromosome Aberrations in Cells Exposed Simultaneously to Simulated Microgravity and Radiation

Hada

Ikeda

Rhone

et al. 2018

IJMS

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Space radiation and microgravity (μG) are two major environmental stressors for humans in space travel. One of the fundamental questions in space biology research is whether the combined effects of μG and exposure to cosmic radiation are interactive. While studies addressing this question have been carried out for half a century in space or using simulated μG on the ground, the reported results are ambiguous. For the assessment and management of human health risks in future Moon and Mars missions, it is necessary to obtain more basic data on the molecular and cellular responses to the combined effects of radiation and µG. Recently we incorporated a μG–irradiation system consisting of a 3D clinostat synchronized to a carbon-ion or X-ray irradiation system. Our new experimental setup allows us to avoid stopping clinostat rotation during irradiation, which was required in all other previous experiments. Using this system, human fibroblasts were exposed to X-rays or carbon ions under the simulated μG condition, and chromosomes were collected with the premature chromosome condensation method in the first mitosis. Chromosome aberrations (CA) were quantified by the 3-color fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) method. Cells exposed to irradiation under the simulated μG condition showed a higher frequency of both simple and complex types of CA compared to cells irradiated under the static condition by either X-rays or carbon ions.

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“…Although previous work has shown that exposure to µG does have an effect on development of fruit flies (Vernos et al 1989) and other insect species (Bücker et al 1987), work on Artemia sp. shows that while nauplii grow faster in µG (Spooner et al 1994b), µG has little effect on overall morphological development (DeBell et al 1992;Spooner et al 1994a).…”

Section: Conclusion and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Effect of microgravity on the development of embryos/larvae and the larval esophageal musculature of the purple starfish, Pisaster ochraceus

Crawford¹,

Martin²

1998

Can. J. Zool.

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Early gastrula stage embryos of the purple starfish, Pisaster ochraceus, were raised for 10 days in microgravity (µG) in an Aquatic Research Facility aboard the space shuttle Endeavour (STS 77). Controls consisted of embryos raised at 1 × g (1G) in flight and embryos raised at 1G on the ground. Experimental organisms and controls were fixed on mission days (MD) 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 and one sample was returned alive. Comparison of the µG embryos with the 1G in-flight controls and ground controls suggests that there is little difference in size and overall development. Scanning electron microscopic examination of the development of the esophageal musculature showed that the pattern of development and differentiation was normal and was the same in both the in-flight and ground controls. The esophageal muscle cells of specimens returned alive after 10 days in µG contracted normally. Detailed transmission electron microscopic examination of MD 7 embryos revealed a decreased amount of sarcoplasmic reticulum in the µG embryos compared with both MD 7 1G in-flight and ground controls. These results suggest that while exposure to µG may slow muscle differentiation slightly, it has little overall effect on embryos/larvae of up to 7-8 days of development.Résumé : Des embryons de l'étoile de mer Pisaster ochraceus en début de gastrulation ont été gardés en élevage pendant 10 jours en état de microgravité (µG) dans le laboratoire de recherche aquatique à bord de la navette spatiale Endeavour (STS 77). Les témoins utilisés étaient des embryons élevés à 1 × g (1G) en vol et des embryons élevés à 1G au sol. Les animaux expérimentaux et les témoins ont été fixés aux jours 3, 4, 5, 6 et 7 de la mission et un échantillon a été retourné au sol vivant. La comparaison entre les embryons µG, les témoins 1G en vol et les témoins au sol a révélé que les conditions de µG entraînent peu de changement marqué de la taille ou du développement global des embryons. L'examen au microscope électronique à balayage a démontré que le développement de la musculature oesophagienne et la différenciation se déroulaient normalement, de la même façon chez les témoins en vol et les témoins au sol. Les cellules musculaires de l'oesophage des spécimens retournés vivants au sol après 10 jours dans des conditions de µG se contractaient normalement. L'examen détaillé au microscope électronique ordinaire des embryons fixés au jour 7 de la mission a révélé que le reticulum sarcoplasmique des embryons µG était moins abondant que celui des témoins 1G en vol ou au sol. Ces résultats indiquent que si l'exposition à la µG ralentit légèrement la différenciation musculaire, elle n'a pas d'effet global important sur les embryons/larves jusqu'aux jours 7-8 du développement.[Traduit par la Rédaction] Crawford and Martin 1650

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Embryogenesis and organogenesis of Carausius morosus under spaceflight conditions

Cited by 39 publications

References 0 publications

Effects of High Magneto-Gravitational Environment on Silkworm Embryogenesis

Effects of High Magneto-Gravitational Environment on Silkworm Embryogenesis

Increased Chromosome Aberrations in Cells Exposed Simultaneously to Simulated Microgravity and Radiation

Effect of microgravity on the development of embryos/larvae and the larval esophageal musculature of the purple starfish, Pisaster ochraceus

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