Embryogenesis and Organogenesis in Pumpkin Explants

Callus cultures from cotyledon and hypocotyl explants of a Spanish cultivar of melon ('Amarillo Oro') have been tested for their growth and morphogenic capacity on a series of media with different concentrations of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and 6-furfurylaminopurine (kinetin). Melon tissues were able to undergo morphogenesis both via organogenesis and embryogenesis, depending on culture conditions and explant source. Shoot buds were obtained at high rates in cotyledon explants. In response to 1.5 mg/1 IAA and 6.0 mg/1 kinetin, more than 90% of the calli produced well-developed shoots. Hypocotyls failed to form shoots but formed somatic embryos on auxin containing media while cotyledon explants usually gave abundant shoots but only rarely formed embryos. It was possible to maintain organogenic callus lines for at least 12 months under defined conditions. Plants were recovered from adventitious shoots produced both in cotyledon-derived calli and from organogenic cell lines.

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant regeneration from calli of melon (Cucumis melo L., cv. ?Amarillo Oro?)

Moreno

Garcia-Sogo

Granell

et al. 1985

“…A key element of this medium is the presence of high levels of nitrogen in the form of ammonium nitrate, whose benefit for both embryo initiation and maturation is well established (Wetherell & Halperin 1963). Jelaska (1974) noted that somatic embryogenesis did not occur when squash (Cucurbita pepo L.) was cultured on H mineral medium. Casein hydrolystate or edamin are also frequently used as a complex source of organic and inorganic nitrogen.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although systematic screenings of genotypes are rare, there is no doubt that genetic factors play a major role in somatic embryogenesis competence (Jelaska 1974;Malepszy & Nadolska-Orczyk 1983;Callebaut et al 1987;Colijn-Hooymans et al 1988a, b;Gray et al 1993;Oridate et al 1992). Nadolska- suggested a genetic determinism in the ability to regenerate somatic embryo-derived plants from cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) leaf explants: the 'intermediately' and 'intensively' regenerating lines contained two pairs of dominant genes responsible for in vitro plant regeneration, characterized by complementary and probably additive interactions.…”

Section: Genotypementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Somatic embryogenesis in Cucurbitaceae

Debeaujon

Branchard²

1993

Strategies based on the application of biotechnologies to crop improvement programmes generally require regeneration of whole plants from cells or tissues cultivated in vitro. In Cucurbitaceae, regeneration can occur either through a caulogenic or an embryogenic developmental pathway. Reports of somatic embryogenesis have dealt with the main cultivated crops, i.e. cucumber, melon, squash and watermelon. Somatic embryogenesis and plant recovery are obtained from numerous sources including protoplasts, but the best results are observed with explants coming from seedlings, especially cotyledons and hypocotyls. The genetic constitution of mother plants also seems to play a key role in the success of embryogenesis, but few systematic studies on genotype effect have been published. Somatic embryos can exhibit developmental abnormalities, particularly when they arise from protoplast-derived cultures. Generally, data concerning embryo yield, rate of germination and plant development and characteristics of regenerated plants and their progeny, has not been provided in previous reports. The potential use of somatic embryogenesis in cucurbit breeding programmes is stressed in this review.

“…Plant regeneration from C. pepo cotyledons has been reported previously by Jelaska [3,4], however, this involved an intermediate callus stage. In this paper we report direct regeneration of shoots from cotyledons, which might result from the hybrid nature of embryos.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

A method for increased plant regeneration from immature F1 and BC1 embryos of Cucurbita maxima Duch. x C. pepo L. hybrids

Rakoczy-Trojanowska¹,

Malepszy²

1989

Plants have been regenerated from abnormal embryos with spongy cotyledons and albino sectors, derived from Cucurbita maxima and C. pepo F~ and BC~ hybrids. Shoot regeneration was induced directly from the cotyledons without an intervening callus phase on the medium without hormones. On the rooting medium, shoots continued to proliferate, which allowed for further multiplication in vitro. The number of plants obtained varied with genotype and ranged up to 65 plants per embryo.