“…Science learners should benefit from the science education provides, which includes understanding the nature of science, scientific dimension of phenomena and events of natural world, role of science in society, adaptability, appreciation of the potentialities and limitations of science, and its contribution to citizenship (NRC, 2007(NRC, , 2012. Change must take place not just inside science classrooms, schools and central management, but also outside -in the culture, systems, policies and structures that shape and support what happens in the science classroom (Franklin, 2015;ICSU, 2011;UNESCO and UNICEF, 2013a;Zeidler and Abd-El Khalick, 2017). In moving toward such change, whilst every nation has its own vision of what a twenty-first century science education should look like, all countries will face consequences if today's science learners are not adequately prepared to collaborate and resolve the ever-expanding global, diverse, and technical economy challenges.…”