Embolus-carried vascular endothelial cell growth factor 165 improves angiogenesis in thromboangiitis obliterans

Abstract

ABSTRACT. We investigated neovasculization effects of emboluscarried human vascular endothelial cell growth factor 165 (VEGF 165 )-encoded adenovirus (Ad) vector in the hindlimbs of rats with thromboangiitis obliterans (TAO). Rats were equally divided into blank control (I), TAO model (II), embolus (III), Ad-VEGF 165 intravascular treatment (IV), Ad-VEGF 165 intramuscular treatment (V), and emboluscarried Ad-VEGF 165 (VI) groups. After interventional treatment, the neovasculization effect of the test gene was observed using immunohistochemistry. At 1 week after administration, compared with group II, groups V and VI had significantly increased microvessel densities, but no significant difference was observed between groups V and VI. At 2 weeks, groups V and VI exhibited significantly increased microvessel densities. At 1 week after administration, compared with group II, both groups V and VI showed a significant difference in the ratio between the α-smooth muscle actin count and the muscle fiber count, whereas no significant difference was observed between them. At 2 weeks, groups V and VI also exhibited significant differences in these ratios compared with the other groups. We conclude that Ad-VEGF 165 promotes neovasculization in ischemic limbs. Embolus-carried Ad-VEGF 165 had the most pronounced effect.

Outcomes of endovascular recanalization versus autogenous venous bypass for thromboangiitis obliterans patients with critical limb ischemia due to tibioperoneal arterial occlusion

“…Currently, the only well-accepted and fully effective therapy for TAO is the complete and permanent discontinuation of smoking, 20 which improves symptoms and reduces the risk of amputation; however, the rate of quitting tobacco is low, 21 and smoking cessation alone was inadequate in patients with CLI because of rest pain and tissue loss, so more aggressive strategies, such as bypass and ER, were still necessary for these patients. In addition to bypass and ER, other new management techniques currently attempted to improve blood inflow in the lower extremities include therapeutic angiogenesis and intramuscular gene transfer of vascular endothelial growth factor, 22,23 with promising initial results that are not well established and need to be supported by further studies.…”

Assessment of atherectomy treatment for Thromboangiitis Obliterans: A single center experience

“…On the one hand, this demonstrates that successful revascularization by ERs could significantly improve the prognosis of TAO; on the other hand, the technical failure may also imply a limb with a severe or extensive lesion, which is related to a worse prognosis. This may suggest that other forms of therapy, like autologous cell therapy or growth factors therapy, could be taken into consideration when vascular recanalization failed 33–35 . Although ERs were initially regarded as an alternative therapy for bypass surgeries when the distal runoff is unavailable, this study found tibialperoneal occlusions without runoff were also a risk factor for vascular events after ERs.…”

“…This may suggest that other forms of therapy, like autologous cell therapy or growth factors therapy, could be taken into consideration when vascular recanalization failed. [33][34][35] Although ERs were initially regarded as an alternative therapy for bypass surgeries when the distal runoff is unavailable, this study found tibialperoneal occlusions without runoff were also a risk factor for vascular events after ERs. Due to TAO's medium and small vessel involvement, clear runoff could not be identified in more than half limbs (Table 2).…”

Comparative Analysis of Transcriptome Profiles in Patients with Thromboangiitis Obliterans

“…None of them smoke. In addition, the age distribution of the five male control groups is 43.60 ± 3.51; the median (min-max) is 44 (38)(39)(40)(41)(42)(43)(44)(45)(46)(47) and the average age values between the patient and control groups were found to not be statistically significant (independent samples t-test).…”