“…More complex chirped pulses with long pulse durations and a large bandwidth are also employed in high-resolution DAS, but conventional waveform generators with corresponding high bandwidth and synchronization requirements are bulky and very expensive, thereby necessitating further investigation on cost and size reduction for wider commercialization and use including in mobile settings. On the other hand, the past decade has seen rapid advances in the development of integrated circuits for D digital-to-analog converter (DAC) systems, allowing their use in high-frequency applications for high-speed optical communication systems with flexible digital signal processing [24], [25], [26], which also resulted in the commercialization of cost-effective and compact Direct Digital Synthesis (DDS) [27], [28]. These devices also combine both DAC and analogto-digital (ADC) in one allowing cost-effective alternatives to synchronized signal generation, acquisition, and processing, and are suitable for implementation of interrogators with low power consumption.…”