Emar, Capital of Aštata in the Fourteenth Century BCE

Margueron, Jean-Claude; Boutte, Veronica

doi:10.2307/3210445

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Reviewing the structure of the Temple of Dagan and the Temple of Baal Monchambert, 2011, Teba et al, 2016), it is clear that this belief strongly influenced the temples' architectural principles and the way their superstructures was arranged at the Acropolis. Ugaritic people, in a manner different from other surrounding cultures, constructed their temples to adapt specifically to the rituals of their beliefs, so these temples had a new form, the tower-temple type (Margueron, 1991, p.15-31, Margueron andBoutte, 1995), which allowed easy and sufficient practice of the cult. Fulfilling the practice requirement became a priority for Ugaritic people and as a result the temples had been freed from following the cardinal directions, which was strictly followed by the surrounding cultures; these temples were also shaped based on the required function.…”

Section: History and Chronology Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The strategic location (Figure 1a), its peaceful political relationships and the innovation of the first alphabet and education system during a long and continuous history (Malbran-Labat, 1999, Yon, 2000, 2006 are reflected in the city's unique architecture and building technologies. All Syrian cities of the time were subject to the influence of surrounding powers; however, Ugarit's network with overseas civilisations in Crete and Cyprus, enriched civic life in a more organic way, with architectural and urban principles being constantly updated -see the distinct tower-temples for example (Margueron, 1991, p.15-31, Margueron andBoutte, 1995). This will be further explored in this paper In addition to the brand new analysis carried out by the authors, the study is based on the archaeological reports (Courtois, 1979, Schaeffer, 1933, 1935, 1936, 1939, 1948, texts studies (Pardée, 2000(Pardée, , 2012 and the latest architectural analyses done by some scholars of the French mission in Syria, such as Olivier Callot (Callot, 1985, Callot and Monchambert, 2011 and Marguerite Yon (Yon, 1991(Yon, , 2000(Yon, , 2006(Yon, , 2009.…”

Section: Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All Syrian cities of the time were subject to the influence of surrounding powers; however, Ugarit’s network with overseas civilisations in Crete and Cyprus, enriched civic life in a more organic way, with architectural and urban principles being constantly updated – see the distinct tower-temples for example (Margueron, 1991, pp. 15-31; Margueron and Boutte, 1995). This will be further explored in this paper.…”

Section: Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reconstituting historical stratigraphy: Ugarit’s Temple of Dagan

Teba

Theodossopoulos

2019

JCHMSD

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to test critical conservation approaches through conceptual architectural interventions that integrate the evolution of a significant urban building, the Temple of Dagan in Ugarit, the capital of an important Bronze Age civilisation in Syria, with the pre-existing phases of the site and offer a paradigm for the presentation of the city’s evolution. This reflection aims to investigate how far the remaining fabric can frame the original architectural experience of the place allowing the visitors of the ruins to contextualise the architectural development of the temple. Design/methodology/approach A detailed reading of archaeological reports and the French mission’s architectural interpretation as well as in situ surveys and architectural and urban analyses were carried out to inform this conservation reflection, which primarily explores the potential of critical conservation approaches for key architectural interventions. The main vehicle is a virtual reconstruction approach to probe the proposed critical conservation principles and their success in highlighting the stratigraphy of a site. Findings The work shows that critical conservation approaches can make a distinct contribution to the understanding of the ruins; in particular, the virtual approach can handle effectively the presentation of the intangible experience of the temple (original processional routes) and its archaeological stratigraphy. Research limitations/implications The poor condition of the temple, being exposed for more than 80 years after excavation, have limited further architectural analysis as some evidence is confusing to read in situ. The pre-conservation analysis, therefore, was based more on the archaeological mission’s work, which is comprehensive. Social implications The reconstitution of the temple’s architectural layers in a coherent narrative will have educational value as it will highlight the development of architectural perception and techniques during the Bronze Age. Debate on the application of such tools by managers of the site may enhance the visitors’ appreciation of the ruins. The digital output itself constitutes an engaging material that enhances the public understanding of the site and its rich stratigraphy. Originality/value The study is the first attempt to constitute an architectural experience out of the confusing ruins integrating the archaeological evidence in the frame of contemporary conservation and architectural design. As one of the predominant urban artefacts in Ugarit, the Temple of Dagan witnessed at least a millennium of the city’s history and thus the conservation strategy of its intense development and stratification reflects the whole city.

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Section: History and Chronology Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reconstituting historical stratigraphy: Ugarit’s Temple of Dagan

Teba

Theodossopoulos

2019

JCHMSD

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“…Emar was the most prominent center in Ashtata and was politically decentralized, with a powerful council of elders and an institution of limited kingship (Fleming 1992 ;Adamthwaite 2001 : xx -xxi). Excavations at Meskene (ancient Emar) revealed extensive LBA remains, including two temples, a large residence, and so -called " Emar type " houses (Beyer 1982 ;Margueron 1995 ;Finkbeiner 2001Finkbeiner , 2002Finkbeiner and Sakal 2003 ).…”

Section: Ashtata and Karkamishmentioning

confidence: 99%