Elution control of radioactive cesium in MSWI fly ash using water repellent treatment

Effect of granulation on chlorine-release behavior during municipal solid waste incineration

“…Incineration reduces the volume and harm of urban municipal solid waste (urban MSW) quickly, and generates electricity or heat, making it widely used in many countries, such as China, Japan, South Korea, Singapore, Sweden, etc. [1][2][3] In the cities with high population density and large per capita waste generation, large-scale incineration plants are used with a processing capacity as high as 200-1000 t per day. 4 If the large-scale incineration plant was built in the rural areas with dispersed population and low per capita waste generation, it would result in a large radius of waste collection and the increase of costs in collection, transportation and storage, without any economic feasibility.…”

Cs-137 Activity in fly ash from Al-Hartha Thermal Power station in the south of AL Basra City

“…These studies founded a high cesium concentration level due to Cs-134 and Cs-137 (4000-5000 Bq kg -1 ), due to the Fukushima accident in NPP [14]. However, these founded of radioactive cesium levels in fly ash are less than the regulatory limit of power plants (8000 Bq kg -1 ) [15,16]. In Iraq, Cs-137 activity concentrations are measured in samples of fly ash from two electrical stations of thermal electrical power (Al-Musaeb and Al-Naserya) and was 36 ±23.8 Bq kg -1 and 59±43.1 Bq kg -1 for Al-Musaeb station and Al-Naserya station respectively [8].…”

CO2-Assisted Water-Washing Process of Municipal Solid Waste Incineration Fly Ash for Chloride Removal

“…4,5 Recently, the environmental risk of landfills has been widely concerned and even questioned for the poor long-term stability of chelated ash. 5,6 Du et al 5 found that Pb immobilization by cement solidification failed, and both Pb and Cd immobilization by a chelator also failed after 6 years. Furthermore, the shortage of land supply even causes few new landfills to be built in some cities.…”

“…Nevertheless, the fly ash produced by municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) and flue gas purification is classified as hazardous waste (code 772-002-18 in China) because of its relatively high concentration of persistent organic pollutants and high leaching rate of heavy metals. , The productions of fly ash derived from a mechanical grate furnace incineration system and fluidized bed incineration system are about 3 and 15% of MSW by weight, respectively. In 2020, over 7 million tons of MSWI fly ash was produced in China, and most of these ashes are landfilled after stabilization/solidification to reduce their leaching toxicity and fluidity. , Recently, the environmental risk of landfills has been widely concerned and even questioned for the poor long-term stability of chelated ash. , Du et al found that Pb immobilization by cement solidification failed, and both Pb and Cd immobilization by a chelator also failed after 6 years. Furthermore, the shortage of land supply even causes few new landfills to be built in some cities.…”