The intercellular
environment is known to be very different from
the environment where most of the elementary biological processes
are studied in the laboratory. As a result, there was a considerable
effort on cell mimicking either by confinement or by introducing macromolecular
crowding. In the present study, dextran of varying sizes has been
used to crowd the environment of a protein, human serum albumin (HSA),
and its structure, dynamics, and activity were studied as a function
of crowder concentration. By employing bulk and single molecular level
spectroscopic measurements, we elucidate the overall structure and
local microsecond dynamics of HSA. Further, we have attempted to correlate
these structural changes with its activity.