Elucidation of salt stress defense and tolerance mechanisms of crop plants using proteomics-Current achievements and perspectives

Abstract

Salinity is a major threat limiting the productivity of crop plants. A clear demand for improving the salinity tolerance of the major crop plants is imposed by the rapidly growing world population. This review summarizes the achievements of proteomic studies to elucidate the response mechanisms of selected model and crop plants to cope with salinity stress. We also aim at identifying research areas, which deserve increased attention in future proteome studies, as a prerequisite to identify novel targets for breeding strategies. Such areas include the impact of plant-microbial communities on the salinity tolerance of crops under field conditions, the importance of hormone signaling in abiotic stress tolerance, and the significance of control mechanisms underlying the observed changes in the proteome patterns. We briefly highlight the impact of novel tools for future proteome studies and argue for the use of integrated approaches. The evaluation of genetic resources by means of novel automated phenotyping facilities will have a large impact on the application of proteomics especially in combination with metabolomics or transcriptomics.

Alterations in root proteome of salt-sensitive and tolerant barley lines under salt stress conditions

“…In recent years proteome analyses have gained popularity in plant science and have mostly relied on two-dimensional electrophoretic protein separation (2DE) (Barkla et al, 2013). Significant improvements in 2DE technique and mass spectrometry analysis, including MALDI-TOF/TOF enable deeper and more accurate analysis of the proteome.…”

“…During this phase abscisic acid (ABA) is accumulated and a range of metabolic processes is inhibited, e.g. cell expansion, cell wall synthesis, protein synthesis, stomatal conductance and photosynthetic activity (Barkla et al, 2013).…”

Drought-Induced Leaf Proteome Changes in Switchgrass Seedlings

“…Alterations in proteome composition provide the basis for a plant to perform different biological functions, including adapting to changing and/or suboptimal environmental conditions [15,16,17,18,19,20,21]. With the rapid development of proteomic technologies, two-dimensional liquid chromatography, in combination with multiplexed quantitative techniques such as isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ), provides the ability to perform relative or absolute quantification of proteomes [22,23,24,25,26].…”

Investigation of Plant Abiotic Stress Tolerance by Proteomics and Phosphoproteomics

“…Proteomic studies on the other hand are far more challenging due to different biochemical and physical properties of proteins, their differences in abundance, and no possible amplifi cation mechanisms (Barkla et al 2013a ). Before next-generation sequencing (NGS) techniques were developed and genome sequences of most crop species were available, it was simpler to perform 2DE-based analyses of protein changes than to perform high-throughput transcriptomic analyses (Komatsu and Tanaka 2005 ).…”