Elucidating controls of the variability of deep soil bulk density

Lu, Yanwei; Si, Bingcheng; Li, Huijie; Biswas, Asim

doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2019.04.033

Cited by 52 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…In a study that used pedotransfer functions to predict BD in 50–200 m loess deposits, clay content was more important input variable than SOC content (Qiao et al, 2019). The discord in the findings may indicate that different factors control deep soil and surface soil BD, which is accordance with the results of Lu et al (2019).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Spatial non‐stationary effects of explanatory variables on soil bulk density in the critical zone of the Chinese Loess Plateau

Liu

Wang

Zhou

et al. 2022

European J Soil Science

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Bulk density (BD) is one of the most important soil physical properties in the hydrological processes of Earth's Critical Zone (CZ). The heterogeneity and related controlling factors of surface BD have received extensive research attention. However, it is unclear whether the effects of controlling factors on BD are homogeneous or vary spatially. This study quantified topsoil BD with a high-density sampling strategy (10 m Â 10 m; n = 1134) across the ShuangChaGou watershed in the critical zone of the Chinese Loess Plateau (CLP-CZ). Stepwise multiple linear regression (SMLR), regression kriging (RK), random forest (RF) and geographically weighted regression (GWR) were established as modelling approaches to (i) compare the performance of these four models in explaining BD variation, (ii) assess the main factors driving BD, and (iii) evaluate the spatial non-stationary relationship between BD and its explanatory variables. GWR explained the BD variation to the same extent as the RK model (35%), outperforming both the SMLR (15%) and RF models (19%). The variation in topsoil BD depended mainly on: soil organic carbon (SOC) content, normalised difference vegetation index (NDVI), plan curvature, and slope length. The spatial distribution of the local R 2 , regression coefficient magnitude, significance and sign calculated by GWR revealed that the effects of variables accounting for variation in BD varied spatially. The explanatory power of these variables in terms of BD variation was strongest in northern and northeastern areas of the watershed and weakest in southern areas of the watershed. Both significant negative and positive correlations between BD and silt content, NDVI, and plan curvature were found. This study enriched traditional research linked to the complicated relationships between BD and controlling factors by incorporating spatial non-stationarity, which is useful for improving the accuracy of hydrological modelling in the CLP-CZ and in similar CZs worldwide. Highlights• Non-stationary relationships between BD (N = 1134) and its explanatory variables were captured at the watershed scale.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Spatial non‐stationary effects of explanatory variables on soil bulk density in the critical zone of the Chinese Loess Plateau

Liu

Wang

Zhou

et al. 2022

European J Soil Science

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“…The pH value of the suspension was measured with a calibrated pH meter. The core sampler method was used for determination of soil bulk density 23 . Briefly, we used the cutting ring to retrieve the original soil, dried the soil at 105 °C, measured the dry weight of the soil, and then calculated the soil bulk density.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of conservation tillage strategies on soil physicochemical indicators and N2O emission under spring wheat monocropping system conditions

Yuan

Yan

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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As one of the important greenhouse gas, nitrous oxide (N2O) has attracted much attention globally under climate change context. Agricultural practices are the main sources of greenhouse gas emissions. Nevertheless, scarcity of literature is available on the effects of different tillage measures on soil N2O emission under spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) ecosystem in the semi-arid area of the Loess Plateau. The main objective of the experimental study was to explore the influence of conservation tillage techniques on soil physicochemical properties, nitrous oxide emission and yield in the Northern semi-arid Dingxi region of China. Four treatments viz., conventional tillage (CT), no tillage (NT), straw mulch with conventional tillage (TS) and stubble-return with no-till (NTS) were evaluated under randomized complete block design with three replications. Our results depicted that compared with conventional tillage, bulk density and water content of topsoil was increased and soil pH value was reduced under conservation tillage techniques. Conservation tillage NT, TS and NTS increased organic carbon, TN, MBN and NH4+-N and reduced the accumulation of NO3–N. Additionally, although the N2O emission under NT, TS and NTS was 8.95, 41.90 and 21.05% respectively higher than under T treatment, the corresponding wheat yield was 15.40, 31.97 and 63.21% higher than T treatment. Moreover, correlation analysis showed that soil moisture and temperature were the most significant factors affecting soil N2O emission. The NTS treatment pointedly increased crop yield without significantly increasing soil N2O emission. Consequently, based on economic and environmental benefits and considering N2O emission and crop yield, we suggest that NTS technique is the best conservation tillage strategy in the semi-arid environmental zone of the Loess Plateau of Dingxi China.

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“…We used gravimetric analysis to determine soil BD 42 . Briefly, we used the cutting ring to retrieve the original soil, dried the soil at 105 °C, measured the dry weight of the soil, and then calculated the soil BD.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vertical and seasonal changes in soil carbon pools to vegetation degradation in a wet meadow on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

Wang

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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Wet meadows provide opportunities to decrease carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) released into the atmosphere by increasing the soil organic carbon (SOC) stored in wetland systems. Although wet meadows serve as the most important and stable C sinks, there has been very few investigations on the seasonal distributions of SOC fractions in high-altitude wet meadows. Here, we studied the effects of four vegetation degradation levels, non-degraded (ND), lightly degraded (LD), moderately degraded (MD), and heavily degraded (HD), on the measured vertical and seasonal changes of SOC and its different fractions. Among these vegetation degradation levels, 0–10 and 10–20 cm soil depths in ND plots had significantly higher SOC contents than the other degradation levels had throughout the year. This is attributed to the relatively greater inputs of aboveground plant litter and richer fine-root biomass in ND plots. Particulate organic carbon (POC) and light fraction organic carbon (LFOC) showed similar vertical and seasonal variations in autumn, reaching a minimum. Moreover, microbial biomass (MBC) and easily oxidizable organic carbon (EOC) contents were highest in summer and the smallest in winter, while dissolved organic carbon (DOC) content was highest in spring and lowest in summer, and were mainly concentrated in the 0–20 cm layer. Pearson correlation analysis indicated that soil properties and aboveground biomass were significantly related to different SOC fractions. The results indicate that vegetation degradation reduces the accumulation of total SOC and its different fractions, which may reduce carbon sink capacity and soil quality of alpine wet meadows, and increase atmospheric environmental pressure. In addition, vegetation biomass and soil characteristics play a key role in the formation and transformation of soil carbon. These results strengthen our understanding of soil C dynamics, specifically related to the different C fractions as affected by vegetation degradation levels and soil depth, in wet meadow systems.

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Elucidating controls of the variability of deep soil bulk density

Cited by 52 publications

References 67 publications

Spatial non‐stationary effects of explanatory variables on soil bulk density in the critical zone of the Chinese Loess Plateau

Spatial non‐stationary effects of explanatory variables on soil bulk density in the critical zone of the Chinese Loess Plateau

Effects of conservation tillage strategies on soil physicochemical indicators and N2O emission under spring wheat monocropping system conditions

Vertical and seasonal changes in soil carbon pools to vegetation degradation in a wet meadow on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

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