Elongation Angle of Nodal Roots and Its Possible Relation of Spatial Root Distribution in Maize and Foxtail Millet.

Nakamoto, Takahiro; Shimoda, Kazuo; Matsuzaki, Akio

doi:10.1626/jcs.60.543

Cited by 30 publications

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“…In cereals such as maize, foxtail millet and wheat, growth angle of nodal and seminal roots characterized the root distribution profi les (Nakamoto et al, 1991;Oyanagi et al, 1993aOyanagi et al, , 1993bAraki and Iijima, 2001). In the cultivars used in this study, there was a close positive correlation between θ and basal diameter of nodal roots irrespective of cultivars and treatments (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, rooting depth of the axile roots is determined by the growth direction and the length of the roots (Araki et al, 2000). In a fi eld experiment, Nakamoto et al (1991) observed that cultivars of maize and foxtail millet, whose nodal roots orientated downward, exhibited high root length density in deep soil layers. A positive correlation was reported between Root Depth Index and growth angle of wheat seminal roots (Oyanagi et al, 1993a), which are the deepest axile roots in the wheat root system (Morita et al, 1993;Araki and Iijima, 2001).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Growth direction of axile roots in cereals is determined by plagiogravitropism (Oyanagi et al, 1993b). The intensity of the plagiogravitropism in axile roots is affected by genotypes (Nakamoto, 1991;Oyanagi et al, 1993a;Araki and Iijima, 2001), environmental factors such as soil temperature (Tardieu and Pellerin, 1991) and soil moisture (Nakamoto, 1993;Oyanagi et al, 1995), and internode positions from which axile roots emerged (Nakamoto et al, 1991;Araki et al, 2000). The growth direction of axile roots, which is determined by genotype-dependent plagiogravitropism and infl uenced by environmental factors, can be said to determine the shape of the root system.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Development and Distribution of Root System in Two GrainSorghum Cultivars Originated from Sudan under Drought Stress

Tsuji

Inanaga

Araki

et al. 2005

Plant Production Science

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Abbreviations : BI, branching index; RLD, root length density; SDW, shoot dry weight; SRL, specifi c root length; TRL, total root length; VWC, volumetric water content; θ, growth angle of nodal roots; θ m , mean growth angle of nodal roots; Ψ L , leaf water potential. Agriculture, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1, Yoshida, Yamaguchi,753-8515, Japan; 3 Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Nishitokyo, Tokyo, Japan) Abstract : The difference in rooting pattern between two grain sorghum cultivars differing in drought tolerance was investigated under drought stress. The cultivars, Gadambalia (drought-tolerant) and Tabat (droughtsusceptible), were grown in bottomless wooden or acrylic root boxes to examine root parameters. Gadambalia consistently exhibited higher dry matter production and leaf water potential than Tabat under drought stress in both root boxes. In the experiment with wooden root boxes, under a drought condition, Gadambalia extracted more water from deep soil layers (1.1-1.5 m), which was estimated from the reduction in soil water content, than Tabat. This was because Gadambalia had a signifi cantly higher root length density in these soil layers. The high root length density was due to enhanced lateral root development in Gadambalia. In the other experiment with acrylic root boxes, though total root length in the upper soil layer (0-0.5 m) was declined by limited irrigation in both cultivars, the reduction in Gadambalia was moderate compared with that in Tabat owing to the maintenance of fi ne root growth. Unlike Tabat, Gadambalia had an ability to produce the nodal roots from higher internodes even under drought, which resulted in the high nodal root length of Gadambalia. The growth angle of nodal roots was signifi cantly correlated with root diameter, and the nodal roots from the higher internodes had large diameters and penetrated into the soil more vertically. These results indicate that the responses of roots (i.e. branching and/or growth of lateral root, and nodal root emergence from higher internodes) to soil dryness could be associated with the drought tolerance of Gadambalia. Development and Distribution of Root System in Two Grain

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Section: Discussionmentioning

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Development and Distribution of Root System in Two GrainSorghum Cultivars Originated from Sudan under Drought Stress

Tsuji

Inanaga

Araki

et al. 2005

Plant Production Science

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“…The growth angles of axile roots vary depending on the rooting nodes in the monocotyledonous crops. For example, the growth angle of the axile roots increased in rice and decreased in maize as the rooting nodes advanced acropetally (Yamazaki and Kaeriyama, 1982;Nakamoto et al, 1991;Oyanagi et al, 1993a;Araki et al, 2000). In the wheat root system, however, there were fewer differences in the growth angle among the rooting nodes regardless of the cultivars (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deep Rooting in Winter Wheat: Rooting Nodes of Deep Roots in Two Cultivars with Deep and Shallow Root Systems

Araki

Iijima

2001

Plant Production Science

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“…Variability of root formation in response to environmental conditions complicates the identification of genetic components involved in root formation (Hochholdinger et al, 2004b). Both genetic and environmental factors affect the growth direction of maize nodal roots (Nakamoto et al, 1991;Tardieu & Pellerin, 1990;Tardieu & Pellerin, 1991;Eghball et al, 1993;Costa et al, 2001). Soil environment is dynamic in nature, and its influence on plant growth, and consequently on root growth, is complex.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of Root Growth and Distribution in Maize from the Black Soil Region of NE China

Liu¹,

Song²,

Zhu³

et al. 2012

JAS

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Root growth is related to its water and mineral uptake. The structure and architecture of the root system is influenced by soil properties. Better understanding of root architecture and growth dynamics of maize grown on black soil may lead to more efficient use of applied nutrients and water by maize. Maize (Zea mays L.), cultivar Yedan 13, was grown in a black soil field in large root boxes in 2007. Plants were regularly sampled and the following data were recorded: number of emerged roots per phytomer, mean length and maximal length of axile root per phytomer, maximum rooting depth of axile root per phytomer, and angle of axile root per phytomer by excavation methods. The distribution dynamics of root dry weight at different black soil depths, and vertical and horizontal distribution in large root boxes were measured. There were more axile roots on the upper phytomers than on lower phytomers. The number of roots on phytomers P8, P9 and P10 were 15.71%，24.82%, and 25.86% of total number of per plant, respectively. Angles of the axile roots on lower phytomers were larger than those on upper phytomers. The angle of the axile root on P2 was the largest (81.51°), followed by P4 (69.33°), P3 (56.9°), and P5 (56.06°). The angles on phytomers from P6 to P10 were smaller, ranging from 30.13-40.72°. Mean length, maximal length, and maximum rooting depth of axile root on each phytomer all increased with day after seeding (DAS). Mean length, maximal length, and maximum rooting depth of axile roots on lower phytomers were larger www.ccsenet.org/jas Journal of Agricultural Science Vol. 4, No. 2; 2012 ISSN 1916-9752 E-ISSN 1916 22 than those on upper phytomers. Mean length, maximal length and maximum rooting depth of axile roots on P3 were the largest (2.37 m, 2.92 m and 2.12 m at 90 DAS, respectively). Root dry weight in each soil layer increased with DAS; there was a rapid increase from 50 to 90 DAS. About 80 % of root dry weight was in the soil above 40 cm. The general trend of percentage of dry weight in total dry weight per plant decreased as the distance from the plant increased. Over 78 % of root dry weight in total dry weight per plant was within 20 cm in the horizontal direction from the plant, and less than 6% was in the 40 cm to 60 cm zone in the horizontal direction from the plant.

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Elongation Angle of Nodal Roots and Its Possible Relation of Spatial Root Distribution in Maize and Foxtail Millet.

Cited by 30 publications

References 0 publications

Development and Distribution of Root System in Two GrainSorghum Cultivars Originated from Sudan under Drought Stress

Development and Distribution of Root System in Two GrainSorghum Cultivars Originated from Sudan under Drought Stress

Deep Rooting in Winter Wheat: Rooting Nodes of Deep Roots in Two Cultivars with Deep and Shallow Root Systems

Dynamics of Root Growth and Distribution in Maize from the Black Soil Region of NE China

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