Elma ve işlenmiş ürünlerinde imidacloprid ve indoxacarb kalıntılarının belirlenmesi

Abstract

Pesticide residues are important in raw agricultural products and their processed products. In this study, imidacloprid and indoxacarb pesticides were applied to "Golden Delicious" apples. Residue analyses were performed by using QuEChERS method and LC-MS/MS. In apples, imidacloprid and indoxacarb residues (mean of sampled 3 days after the application and 14 days after the application), were 170.60 and 490.77 µg/kg, respectively. Imidacloprid residues in the peel, pulp, pre-juicing, full processed-juice and bagasse were 791.14, 104.17, 44.60, 47.41 and 262.57 µg/kg, respectively, as the mean of both harvest periods. For indoxacarb, residues were 2195.07 µg/kg in the peel, 197.84 µg/ kg in the pulp, 82.26 µg/kg in the pre-juicing and 597.17 µg/kg in the bagasse. The processing factors (Pf) of each process were calculated as a reduction or concentration factor. Imidacloprid residues in the peel and baggase were 4.67 and 1.55 times (mean of two harvesting time) higher than apple, respectively.The residues of pulp, pre-juicing, full processed-juice reduced by 39.75%, 73.54% and 70.62%, respectively. Indoxacarb residues in the peel and baggase were increased 4.46 and 1.21 times, respectively. The mean reduction rates were 59.84% in pulp and 83.35% in pre-juicing. The difference between the decrease in residual reduction rates and the rate of residual degradation between the harvest process in the full process fruit juice was significant at 1% level. The residues of processes, calculated based on Pf, were below MRL (500 µg/kg) for both insecticides. Residues in peel and baggase were increased regardless of harvest period and pesticide. Ülkemizde 2017 yılı elma üretimi 3.032.164 ton civarındadır. Ülke üretiminin %4.5'i de Çanakkale iline aittir. 2000 yılı verilerine göre ülkemiz toplam meyve suyu üretiminin %1.5'i elma suyudur (Anonim 2017, Doyuran ve Gültekin 2002, TÜİK 2017). Elma yetiştiriciliğinde Elma karalekesi [Venturia inaequalis (Cke) Wint.], Elma küllemesi [Podosphaera leucotricha (Ell. & Ev.) Salm.], gibi hastalıklar ile Elma içkurdu [Cydia pomonella Linnaeus (Lep: Torticidiae)], akarlar [Tetranychus viennesis Zacher (Acari: Tetranychidae), T. urticaea Koch. (Acari: Tetranychidae), Panonychus ulmi Koch. (Acari: Tetranychidae)], yaprak bitleri [Aphis pomi de Geer (Hem: Aphididae), Dysaphis plantaginea (Passerini) (Hem: Aphididae), San Jose kabuklu [Quadraspidiotus perniciosus (Comstock) Hem: Diaspididae] gibi zararlılar kayıplara neden olmaktadır. Imidacloprid ve indoxacarb zararlılara

Limonun evde işlenmesi sırasında bazı insektisitlerin kalıntılarının değerlendirilmesi

“…These results were attributed to log Po/w values of pesticides. The highest processing factors were obtained for etoxazole and in addition, in some studies in the literature, processing factors have been calculated and it has been reported that the processing factor is bound on the type of the active ingredient, its physicochemical properties in addition to type of the carriers used in the formulation (Li et al, 2012;Han et al, 2013;Tiryaki & Özel, 2019;Tiryaki & Polat, 2023). It can be indicated that the results of those studies are compatible with our findings.…”