Elliptical-core two mode optical-fiber sensor implementation methods

Murphy, Kent A.; Miller, Mark S.; Vengsarkar, Ashish M.; Claus, Richard O.

doi:10.1109/50.60567

Cited by 117 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Two-mode optical fibers have been studied for a number of devices and sensors applications [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. Two-mode operation can be achieved by operating a conventional circular-core fiber below cut-off and hence it supports the fundamental LP 01 and the second order hybrid LP 11 modes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Properties of elliptical-core two-mode fiber

Wang¹,

Ju²,

Jin³

2005

Opt. Express

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Polarization and modal birefringence of elliptical-core two-mode fibers are investigated. Wavelengths corresponding to zero group delay difference (GDD) between the two spatial modes and between the orthogonal polarizations are computed when the fiber parameters, i.e., the relative core/cladding index difference and the ratio of major over minor axis, are varied. Simple relationships between the zero GDD wavelengths and fiber parameters are obtained. With proper fiber design, zero GDD between the two spatial modes and the two orthogonal polarizations can be achieved at the same wavelength. Lightwave Technol. LT-5, 1041LT-5, -1044LT-5, (1987. 16. Masashi Eguchi, Masanori Koshiba, "Accurate finite-element analysis of dual-mode highly elliptical-core fibers," J. Lightwave Technol. 12, 607-613 (1994). 17. Robert L. Gallawa, I. C. Goyal, Yinggang Tu, and Ajoy K. Ghatak , "Optical waveguide modes: an approximate solution using Galerkin's method with Hermite-Gauss basis functions," IEEE J. Quan. Electron. 21, 518-522 (1991). 18. Tzong-Lin Wu, and Hung-chun Chang, "An efficient numerical approach for determining the dispersion characteristics of dual-mode elliptical-core optical fibers," J. Lightwave Technol. 13, 1926Technol. 13, -1934Technol. 13, (1995 194-197 (1993). 21. C.D. Poole, J.M. Wiesenfeld, D.J. Digiovanni, and A.M. Vengsarkar, "Optical fiber-based dispersion compensation using higher order modes near cutoff," J. Lightwave Technol. 12, 1746-1758 (1994). 22. Wang Zhi, Ren Guobin, Lou Shuqin, Liang Weijun, "Investigation of the supercell based orthonormal basis function method for different kinds of fibers," Opt.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Properties of elliptical-core two-mode fiber

Wang¹,

Ju²,

Jin³

2005

Opt. Express

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“…The primed and double primed symbols are merely dummy variable to define the function. A V/((p,,,,,~,,~,q0,, ,,~),y,,, ^,, 13-)= (16) An example of combinations of signals using helical paths to give the resultant force and moment components on the face of cylinder are given in eqs (20)-(21). A schematic of these paths for a particular choice of parameters is shown in Fig.…”

Section: Electrical-resistance Strain Gagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The length of each portion of the half elliptical curve is found from eq (16) and is shown in eq (29). Note that by using half-elliptical paths not only is there a smooth connection but 8e = n/2 leads to a significant simplification to the equation for the average strain) 8…”

Section: Fiber-optic Differential Displacement Gagementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The relationship between the half-length of the elliptical path ~e and the subtended angle &is given by eq (16). The function E (q0, k) is the elliptic integral of the second kind.~7…”

Section: Measurement Pathsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other fiber-optic interferometric techniques that can relieve this lead problem might be employed. 16 The primary reason for choosing the half-bridge and Mach-Zehnder techniques is that they are mathematically similar in that they both employ two differential measurement paths. This differential property will allow a natural means to subtract measured quantities.…”

Section: Fiber-optic Differential Displacement Gagementioning

confidence: 99%

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A precision six-load-component transducer: A design incorporating finite-length measurement paths

Washabaugh

1993

Experimental Mechanics

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ABSTRACT--The design of an instrument is described that measures three resultant force components and three resultant moment components acting on a surface. Within the framework of linear elastostatics of an isotropic homogeneous material the device separates to a given precision the six resultant load components. Sensor paths of finite length are employed. Moreover if fiber-optic differential displacement sensors are used rather than traditional electrical resistance strain gages, the range and sensitivity of the instrument can in principle be improved without sacrificing the device stiffness. The primary reason for these improvements is that a complete solution to the equations of elasticity allows certain displacements to be measured over large distances and be combined to yield all of the resultant load components. These displacement measurements over a long distance accommodates the use of fiber-optic interferometric sensors, The use of optical sensors in contrast with electrical-resistance gages, has the potential to allow the measurement precision and range to scale with the geometry of the device rather than the maximum strain in the instrument. It becomes possible by virtue of these features to produce a better instrument.

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Linear readout of integrated interferometric biosensors using a periodic wavelength modulation

Dante

Duval

Fariña

et al. 2015

Laser & Photonics Reviews

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An all-optical phase modulation method for the linear readout of integrated interferometric biosensors is demonstrated, merging simple intensity detection with the advantages offered by spectral interrogation. The phase modulation is introduced in a simple and cost-effective way by tuning a few nanometers the emission wavelength of commercial laser diodes, taking advantage of their well-known drawback of power-wavelength dependence. The method is applied to the case of a bimodal waveguide (BiMW) interferometric biosensor, fabricated with standard silicon technology and operated at visible wavelengths, rendering a detection limit of 4 × 10 −7 refractive index units for bulk sensing. The biosensing capabilities of the phase-linearized BiMW device are assessed through the quantitative immunoassay of C-reactive protein, a key protein in inflammatory processes. This method can be applied to any modal interferometer.

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Elliptical-core two mode optical-fiber sensor implementation methods

Cited by 117 publications

References 16 publications

Properties of elliptical-core two-mode fiber

Properties of elliptical-core two-mode fiber

A precision six-load-component transducer: A design incorporating finite-length measurement paths

Linear readout of integrated interferometric biosensors using a periodic wavelength modulation

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