Ellagitannins, ellagic acid and their derived metabolites: A review about source, metabolism, functions and health

Landete, José María

doi:10.1016/j.foodres.2011.04.027

Cited by 605 publications

(495 citation statements)

References 113 publications

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“…The other important group of bioactive Rubus compounds are ellagitannins and their derivative ellagic acid that occur not only in the fruit pulp but also in seeds, which are the best source of these hydrolysable tannins. Recent reports confirmed the presence of several compounds of sanguiin and lambertianin classes [5][6][7]12]. The presence of ellagic acid in human plasma is largely a consequence of their hydrolysis facilitated by physiological pH and activity of several colon microbiota [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Recent reports confirmed the presence of several compounds of sanguiin and lambertianin classes [5][6][7]12]. The presence of ellagic acid in human plasma is largely a consequence of their hydrolysis facilitated by physiological pH and activity of several colon microbiota [6]. Ellagic acid was found to reduce cancer cell growth by induction of apoptosis [21,22] and to exert various antiinflammatory effects [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Anthocyanins and other phenolic compounds such as ellagitannins and ellagic acid, which distinguish raspberry from other berries, occur in a high content, and are mainly responsible for their broad healthbeneficial properties [5]. Some of them can modulate gene expression and cellular pathways as well as affect enzyme and hormone activities [5,6]. Recent analyses revealed the presence of eight anthocyanins in cultivated blackberries [7]; however, the majority of the content belongs to cyanidin 3-glucoside [7][8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The presence of ellagic acid in human plasma is largely a consequence of their hydrolysis facilitated by physiological pH and activity of several colon microbiota [6]. Ellagic acid was found to reduce cancer cell growth by induction of apoptosis [21,22] and to exert various antiinflammatory effects [6]. The other biologically important phenolics are flavonol glycosides (including quercetin-3-glucuronide and kaempferol-3-glucuronide), flavan-3-ols (mainly (+)-catechin) and hydroxy acids (gallic, salicyl, caffeic, p-hydroxybenoic, ferulic, p-cumaric, cinnamic and vanillic acids) [5,12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antioxidant properties of fruits of raspberry and blackberry grown in central Europe

et al. 2015

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Fruits of several, mainly Polish cultivars of floricane-and primocane-fruiting red raspberry (Rubus idaeus), black raspberry (Rubus occidentalis) and blackberry (Rubus fruticosus), grown in central Europe during two successive vegetation periods, were investigated. The content of phenolic compounds, including anthocyanins, as well as antioxidant properties of fruit extracts were analysed. A number of methods were employed: ferric ion reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging capacity involving both colorimetric and EPR spectrometric measurements. From among all the tested fruits black raspberries had the largest antioxidant capacity as verified by all methods used in this study. These berries were also the most abundant in phenolic and anthocyanin compounds. Blackberries were characterised by larger antioxidant capacity than red raspberry fruits which were accompanied by higher content of total phenolics and anthocyanins. Berries of primocane-fruiting cultivars, often used for intensive agricultural production, generally did not differ in the total phenolic and anthocyanin content as well as in the antioxidant capacity as compared to the traditional, floricane-fruiting ones. The research contributes to deep characterisation of central European berry fruits which due to their high content and large diversity of health-beneficial compounds are classified as natural functional food.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antioxidant properties of fruits of raspberry and blackberry grown in central Europe

et al. 2015

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“…250 000-500 000 cells were incubated with 40 μM of either urolithin A or urolithin B, or a combination composed of 20 μM UA and 20 μM UB (named MIX). This concentration was chosen because it can be found in plasma after consumption of ET-rich foods, [26][27][28] and it is within the range used to assay the biological activity of urolithins. 42,43 In addition, this concentration was not cytotoxic (data not shown).…”

Section: Cell Culturementioning

confidence: 99%

Walnut polyphenol metabolites, urolithins A and B, inhibit the expression of the prostate-specific antigen and the androgen receptor in prostate cancer cells

et al. 2014

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Walnuts have been gathering attention for their health-promoting properties. They are rich in polyphenols, mainly ellagitannins (ETs) that after consumption are hydrolyzed to release ellagic acid (EA). EA is further metabolized by microbiota to form urolithins, such as A and B, which are absorbed. ETs, EA and urolithins have shown to slow the proliferation and growth of different types of cancer cells but the mechanisms remain unclear. We investigate the role of urolithins in the regulatory mechanisms in prostate cancer, specifically those related to the androgen receptor (AR), which have been linked to the development of this type of cancer. In our study, urolithins down-regulated the mRNA and protein levels of both prostate specific antigen (PSA) and AR in LNCaP cells. The luciferase assay performed with a construct containing three androgen response elements (AREs) showed that urolithins inhibit AR-mediated PSA expression at the transcriptional level. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays revealed that urolithins decreased AR binding to its consensus response element. Additionally, urolithins induced apoptosis in LNCaP cells, and this effect correlated with a decrease in Bcl-2 protein levels. In summary, urolithins attenuate the function of the AR by repressing its expression, causing a down-regulation of PSA levels and inducing apoptosis. Our results suggest that a diet rich in ET-containing foods, such as walnuts, could contribute to the prevention of prostate cancer.

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Ellagitannin HeT obtained from strawberry leaves is oxidized by bacterial membranes and inhibits the respiratory chain

Martos

Mamani

Filippone³

et al. 2018

FEBS Open Bio

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Plant secondary metabolism produces a variety of tannins that have a wide range of biological activities, including activation of plant defenses and antimicrobial, anti‐inflammatory and antitumoral effects. The ellagitannin HeT (1‐ O ‐galloyl‐2,3;4,6‐bis‐hexahydroxydiphenoyl‐β‐ d ‐glucopyranose) from strawberry leaves elicits a strong plant defense response, and exhibits antimicrobial activity associated to the inhibition of the oxygen consumption, but its mechanism of action is unknown. In this paper we investigate the influence of HeT on bacterial cell membrane integrity and its effect on respiration. A β‐galactosidase unmasking experiment showed that HeT does not disrupt membrane integrity. Raman spectroscopy analysis revealed that HeT strongly interacts with the cell membrane. Spectrochemical analysis indicated that HeT is oxidized in contact with bacterial cell membranes, and functional studies showed that HeT inhibits oxygen consumption, NADH and MTT reduction. These results provide evidence that HeT inhibits the respiratory chain.

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Ellagitannins, ellagic acid and their derived metabolites: A review about source, metabolism, functions and health

Cited by 605 publications

References 113 publications

Antioxidant properties of fruits of raspberry and blackberry grown in central Europe

Antioxidant properties of fruits of raspberry and blackberry grown in central Europe

Walnut polyphenol metabolites, urolithins A and B, inhibit the expression of the prostate-specific antigen and the androgen receptor in prostate cancer cells

Ellagitannin HeT obtained from strawberry leaves is oxidized by bacterial membranes and inhibits the respiratory chain

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