Elite Football Players’ Perceptions of Football Turf and Natural Grass Surface Properties

Roberts, Jonathan R.; Osei-Owusu, Paul; Harland, Andy R.; Owen, Alun; Smith, Aaron C. T.

doi:10.1016/j.proeng.2014.06.150

Cited by 23 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The restricted loading range explains the differences in correlation strength found between the tested surface conditions. This is in accordance with player perception studies, where players complain more about the abrasiveness of artificial turf than natural grass (Roberts et al 2014). The results are also in line with the clinical findings described by Peppelman et al where soccer slidings performed on artificial turf resulted in more abrasions than on natural grass (Peppelman et al 2013).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…However, artificial turf is still strongly associated with abrasion-type injuries (Fuller et al 2007;Ekstrand et al 2011). Survey studies revealed that players are complaining more about abrasion-type injuries than any other type of injuries (Zanetti 2009;Roberts et al 2014;van den Eijnde et al 2014a). Improving the sliding comfort and abandoning unpleasant sport surfaces, related to skin injuries, have therefore been of interest for manufacturers and sport-governing bodies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The load tolerance of skin during impact on artificial turf usingex-vivoskin as the readout system

Eijnde

Masen

Lamers

et al. 2017

Science and Medicine in Football

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Background: Understanding the mechanism of sliding induced skin injuries on artificial turf is important to define preventive measures. Recent findings revealed that high peak loads on the knee and thigh during impact of a sliding tackle are critical for inducing skin injuries. Unfortunately, skin failure data under combined impact load is lacking. Methods: In this study the load tolerance of skin to impact on both dry and wet artificial turf and natural grass is investigated by developing an ex-vivo model, a biaxial load applicator and a loading protocol. Results: The critical shear-normal stress combination at which skin breakdown occurred on dry artificial turf was 38 and 20 N. cm −2. Skin damage on wet artificial turf firstly was noticed at a shear-normal stress combination of 55 and 20 N. cm −2. On natural grass, skin breakdown only occurred at a combined shear and normal stress of 130 and 125 N. cm −2. The thickness of the stratum corneum after impact strongly correlated to the applied mechanical load during impact on dry artificial turf. Conclusion: In contrast to natural grass, skin damage on dry artificial turf is strongly related to the magnitude of the impact load. Wetting of the artificial turf system improves the load tolerance of skin to impact.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The load tolerance of skin during impact on artificial turf usingex-vivoskin as the readout system

Eijnde

Masen

Lamers

et al. 2017

Science and Medicine in Football

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“…Regardless of the condition of the surface or the level of play, all association football players perceived abrasion injuries as one of the main disadvantages of playing their sport on 3G artificial turf. 22,23,31,32 This view was not limited to players, but coaches and referees also shared a consistent view. 23 In the study of professional and semi-professional association football players from a range of European countries, the players stated that, not only was the risk of abrasion injury an issue but, they altered their play by avoiding slide tackling to reduce the risk.…”

Section: Perceptionsmentioning

confidence: 85%

Abrasion injuries on artificial turf: A systematic review

Twomey

Petrass

Fleming

et al. 2019

Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport

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Objectives: To review the incidence of abrasion injuries sustained on artificial turf playing fields and the level of evidence existing on player perceptions of abrasion injuries on these surfaces. Design: Systematic review Method: A systematic search was performed using SPORTDiscus, Medline, Web of Science, Scopus and Science Direct databases. Inclusion criteria included: abrasion type injuries measured; conducted on artificial/synthetic turf; type of sport reported; peer-reviewed original research; English language search terms, but no language restrictions. A quality assessment was conducted using the Newcastle-Ottawa quality scale. Results: The search yielded 76 potential articles, with 25 meeting all inclusion criteria. Twenty articles were injury-based and five were perception-based. The differences in injury definition and the lack of details of the playing surfaces produced varying results on the rate of injuries on artificial turf. Regardless of the condition of the surface, the level of play, or the sport, players perceived the fear of abrasion injuries as a major disadvantage of artificial turf surfaces. Conclusions: The review highlighted the current disparity that exists between players' perceptions of abrasion injuries and the level of evidence of abrasion injury risk on artificial turf playing surfaces. There is a need for the inclusion of greater detail of playing surfaces' specifications and condition, and an injury definition sufficiently sensitive to better measure abrasion injury incidence and severity. Without this more detailed information, it is likely that the strongly perceived risk of abrasion injuries will continue as a barrier to the adoption of artificial playing surfaces.

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“…Consistently, players have concerns about the effect of the surface on both technical and physical performance, particularly the risk and severity of abrasions as a result of sliding tackles and falls on artificial turf. [6][7][8] In the Italian Amateurs League, over 1 600 male players aged between 15 and 35 years reported concerns about the risk of abrasion in sliding tackles. [8] In terms of abrasions, players' role in the team (goalkeeper, defender, midfielder and forward) influenced their perception, with defenders and midfielders scoring the surface worse for abrasions than goalkeepers and forwards.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A large study conducted with male (n=1 018) and female (n=111) elite players of similar age to participants in the previous studies indicated that >60% felt that artificial turf was too abrasive. [7] While artificial turf provides a valuable alternative to natural grass in areas experiencing extreme climatic conditions, negative player perceptions need to be addressed to ensure that these surfaces are successfully adopted.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Abrasion injuries on artificial turf: A real risk or not?

2014

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COMMENTARYAbrasion injuries result in damage only to the surface layer of skin and can result in player discomfort and changes in performance. The perceived fear of abrasion injuries on artificial turf playing surfaces has significantly affected the adoption of these surfaces, particularly in sports that involve frequent player-surface interactions. The underreporting of abrasion injuries due to how time-loss injuries are defined and the lack of validity of the current abrasion measurement device highlight the need for more research to understand fully the incidence and nature of abrasions on artificial turf playing surfaces and the effect of these injuries on playing behaviour. Improved reporting of abrasion injuries and a more biofidelic test device could assist in both the development of abrasion-related injury prevention strategies and in dispelling players' negative perceptions of abrasions on artificial turf.

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Elite Football Players’ Perceptions of Football Turf and Natural Grass Surface Properties

Cited by 23 publications

References 4 publications

The load tolerance of skin during impact on artificial turf usingex-vivoskin as the readout system

The load tolerance of skin during impact on artificial turf usingex-vivoskin as the readout system

Abrasion injuries on artificial turf: A systematic review

Abrasion injuries on artificial turf: A real risk or not?

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