ELISA with enzyme amplification for sensitive detection of staphylococcal enterotoxins in food

Windemann, Helena; Lüthy, Jürg; Maurer, Marina

doi:10.1016/0168-1605(89)90077-9

Cited by 20 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…It is less time consuming when testing only a few samples, but less suited for quantitation [79]. A modified ELISA assay using microtitre p&es showing a detection limit comparable to the SET-EIA, due to an enzyme amplification system was used by Windemann et al [80]. Thompson et al [81] described the adaptation of monoclonal antibodies to RIA and ELISA of SE.…”

Section: Sraphylococcal Enterotoxinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modern immunoassays in meat‐product analysis

Fukal

1991

Nahrung

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The increased regulation of foodstuffs in modern society requires analytical methods which are easy to perform, sensitive, specific and relatively inexpensive. The basic antigen-antibody reaction provides means for very specific analytical procedures. Immunoassays are powerful analytical tools that permit the specific and rapid detection or measurement of antigens and haptens to which antibodies can be produced. Sensitive recognition of the interaction is made possible by labelling the analyte or antibody, mainly with radioisotope (RIA) and enzyme (ELISA). Wide applications of these modern immunoassays to food analysis began about 1980. The paper reviews investigations, where various types of RIA and ELISA were developed for the use in meat product analysis. Detection and determination of various meat species, non-meat proteins, microorganisms and bacterial toxins, drugs, anabolic hormones, pesticides, mycotoxins, and other contaminants in meat and meat products by the means of immunoassays is described. Now, the commercial kits are available for most of these compounds. They make possible to perform analysis in different laboratories under standard conditions. The reason of an enthusiasmic acceptance of this technology is related to its inherent specificity, high sensitivity, and the facility of application. In fact, immunoassays compete with other analytical technics. They have the advantage of economy when screening large numbers of samples.

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Section: Sraphylococcal Enterotoxinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modern immunoassays in meat‐product analysis

Fukal

1991

Nahrung

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“…Classically, staphylococcal enterotoxin was detected by animal tests, either intraperitoneal injection of food extracts into kittens or intragastric feeding to young monkeys (Bergdoll 1978). These tests have been replaced by sensitive immunological tests such as ELISA tests that use polyclonal or monoclonal antibodies and are capable of detecting about 0.1 ng of toxin (Lapeyre et al 1988;Windemann et al 1989).…”

Section: Staphylococcal Enterotoxinmentioning

confidence: 99%

The staphylococci: an introduction

Baird‐Parker

1990

Journal of Applied Bacteriology

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1. Historical review, 1s 2. Ecology, 2 s 3. Taxonomy, 2s 4. Identification, 3s 5. Staphylococcal enterotoxin, 4s 6. Staphylococcal diseases, 4s 7. Growth, survival and destruction of staphylococci, 5s 8. Concluding remarks, 7s 9. References, 7s Historical reviewIn 1880 the Scottish surgeon, Sir Alexander Ogston published his carefully collected and evaluated data which conclusively showed that a cluster-forming coccus was the cause of a number of pyogenic diseases in man. Subsequently (Ogston 1882) he named the organism 'staphylococcus', a name derived from the Greek staphyle, meaning a bunch of grapes, and coccus, meaning a grain or berry. In a series of classical experiments he demonstrated that when pus containing staphylococci, and a culture of this organism derived from pus were injected into mice they developed the same symptoms as those observed in the wounds of the patients from whom the pus was taken. Furthermore, he found that if, before injection, the pus was heated or treated with phenol, disease did not occur. Ogston marvelled, as we still do today, at the extent of diseases caused by staphylococci. His clear descriptions of disease symptoms and his careful approach to the study of epidemiology are classical examples of the lasting value of accurate observation and careful deduction and should be read by all who are concerned with staphylococcal infections and disease.Rosenbach (1884) was probably the first person to grow staphylococci in pure culture and to study their characteristics in the laboratory. He considered that an organism which he isolated from pus was identical to that described by Ogston and he therefore adopted the name Staphylococcus for the genus which he erected to contain this organism. He observed that both white and orange colonies grew on solid media and named the orange colony-forming organism Staphylococcus pyogenes aureus and the white colony one Staphylococcus pyogenes albus. The use of trinomials caused some confusion amongst later taxonomists as they are illegitimate according to the strict rules of bacteriological nomenclature. However, as in a later part of the paper which contains the original descriptions of his organisms he used the name Staphylococcus aureus, the type species of the genus Staphylococcus is accepted as Staphy2ococcus aureus Rosenbach (Judicial Commission 1958).Since the original work by Rosenbach the scope and content of the genus Staphylococcus has changed enormously. Staphylococcus was placed in the family Micrococcaceae by Winslow et al. (1920). From 1908, and through the first five editions of Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, two species of staphylococci were recognized, i.e. Staph. aureus and Staph. epidermidis. In the 6th edition of the Manual the two species were transferred to the genus Micrococcus by Hucker (1948) who concluded that staphylococci and micrococci were not distinct, and that Micrococcus, as a generic name, had priority over Staphylococcus. However, the genus Staphylococcus was listed in the 7th edition by Evans (1...

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“…However, additional studies are needed to elucidate anandamide’s role in injury-induced pain signaling. Anandamide also has known roles in osteoclast and osteoblast activation and proliferation(40, 41). Taken together with the subchondral bone remodeling after ACL rupture in this model, the increased levels of anandamide after injury may also suggest a role in injury-induced bone remodeling.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibition of Early Response Genes Prevents Changes in Global Joint Metabolomic Profiles in Mouse Post-Traumatic Osteoarthritis

Haudenschild

Carlson

Zignego

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common degenerative joint disease, and joint injury increases the risk of OA by 10-fold. Although the injury event itself damages joint tissues, a substantial amount of secondary damage is mediated by the cellular responses to the injury. Cellular responses include the production and activation of proteases (MMPs, ADAMTSs, Cathepsins), the production of inflammatory cytokines, and we hypothesize, changes to the joint metabolome. The trajectory of cellular responses is driven by the transcriptional activation of early response genes, which requires Cdk9-dependent RNA Polymerase II phosphorylation. Flavopiridol is a potent and selective inhibitor of Cdk9 kinase activity, which prevents the transcriptional activation of early response genes. To model post-traumatic osteoarthritis, we subjected mice to noninvasive ACL-rupture joint injury. Following injury, mice were treated with flavopiridol to inhibit Cdk9-dependent transcriptional activation, or vehicle control. Global joint metabolomics were analyzed 1 hour after injury. We found that injury induced metabolomic changes, including increases in Vitamin D3 metabolism and others. Importantly, we found that inhibition of primary response gene activation at the time of injury largely prevented the global changes in the metabolomics profiles. Cluster analysis of joint metabolomes identified groups of injury-induced and drug-responsive metabolites, which may offer novel targets for cell-mediated secondary joint damage. Metabolomic profiling provides an instantaneous snapshot of biochemical activity representing cellular responses, and these data demonstrate the potential for inhibition of early response genes to alter the trajectory of cell-mediated degenerative changes following joint injury.

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ELISA with enzyme amplification for sensitive detection of staphylococcal enterotoxins in food

Cited by 20 publications

References 7 publications

Modern immunoassays in meat‐product analysis

Modern immunoassays in meat‐product analysis

The staphylococci: an introduction

Inhibition of Early Response Genes Prevents Changes in Global Joint Metabolomic Profiles in Mouse Post-Traumatic Osteoarthritis

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