ELISA and GC-MS as Teaching Tools in the Undergraduate Environmental Analytical Chemistry Laboratory

Wilson, Ruth I.; Mathers, Dan; Mabury, Scott A.; Jörgensen, G.

doi:10.1021/ed077p1619

Cited by 17 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…The sample preparation procedure was developed on the basis of previously published methods for isolation of pesticides or antibiotics from river water or milk. − The SPE system consisted of a vacuum pump (HPD-25, Beijing, China) and a vacuum SPE manifold (Waters, Milford, MA, USA). A C 18 SPE column (200 mg, Biotage) was needed for each water sample.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Teaching Graduate Students GC-QTOF-MS Operation and Application via an Analytical Chemistry Experiment

Wang

Ding

et al. 2020

J. Chem. Educ.

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This experiment combines analytical techniques of solid-phase extraction (SPE) and gas chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC-QTOF-MS) to determine organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in river water as a means to develop and improve student understanding of the use of GC-QTOF-MS for qualitative and quantitative analysis. In the classroom, students are presented with the principles and instrumentation of SPE, GC, and QTOF-MS via conventional lectures and question−answer sessions. In the laboratory, they are introduced to the procedure for tuning GC-QTOF-MS and developing a new method, analyzing OCPs in standard solutions to obtain retention times and characteristic ions, employing the mass spectrometry data to conduct library matching, and completing the identification and quantification of OCPs in the river. Additionally, students learn how to deduce the chemical formula of an "unknown" eluent compound by relying on high-resolution mass measurements and isotopic distributions. This method could be applied in the courses of instrumental analysis or environmental analysis. It could be readily adapted to other analytes such as the presence of steroids or other pharmaceuticals.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Teaching Graduate Students GC-QTOF-MS Operation and Application via an Analytical Chemistry Experiment

Wang

Ding

et al. 2020

J. Chem. Educ.

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“…To date, most implementations of mass-spectrometry-based laboratory activities have had an analytical chemistry, instrumentation, or physical chemistry focus. Experimental applications of mass spectrometry in analytical and/or instrumental undergraduate courses include the detection of essential oil in citrus fruits, analysis of environmental samples for identification and measurement of pollutants in the environment, analysis of caffeine, and identification of components in gasoline . Mass spectrometry has been used in undergraduate physical chemistry laboratories to study the primary kinetic isotope effect in a household bleach, measure gas-phase basicities of amino acids, and investigate structures and bonding configurations of inorganic compounds …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hands-On Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry for Undergraduate Biochemistry Students: Peptide Identification by Ladder Sequencing

et al. 2020

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Mass spectrometers are ever-increasingly powerful, user-friendly, and affordable. Thus, the addition of mass spectrometry experiments into the undergraduate laboratory curriculum is now both feasible and an effective tool to introduce students to relevant instrumentation. Here an experiment demonstrating the use of a highresolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometer (ESI-HRMS) for the identification of peptide sequences and the differentiation of isomeric peptides was developed and implemented in a biochemistry laboratory course for third-year chemistry major undergraduate students. This lab activity was a first introduction to mass spectrometry for undergraduate biochemistry students. As a prelab assignment, students were tasked to predict the mass-to-charge ratios and the fragmentation patterns for six given peptides using an online fragmentation prediction tool (Protein Prospector's MS-Product tool). Students then analyzed two unknown peptides using ESI-HRMS. The theoretical and experimental results were compared to reveal the identity of the two unknown peptides. The student success rate of recognizing the unknown peptide sequences was 87.5%. This laboratory experiment provided students with hands-on experience using a research-grade ESI-HRMS instrument to solve a bioanalytical problemspecifically, the identification of the primary structure of a peptide of unknown sequence. Learning outcomes were evaluated for this experiment, which showed student understanding of peptide sequencing using mass spectrometry.

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“…Learning objectives for this experiment include sample injection techniques, quantification of xylitol using GC–MS, and a comparison of external versus internal standard techniques while allowing students to explore a topic that has direct impact on animal safety. Previous undergraduate laboratory experiments have been developed which utilize GC–MS to analyze and quantify components of diverse samples including gasoline, plasticizers, food, water, urine, perfume, beverages, and others. − GC–MS experiments have also been utilized within the organic chemistry curriculum, since it provides a great opportunity for students to analyze organic reactions such as nucleophilic substitution and elimination reactions . This experiment is designed for upper-level undergraduate students enrolled in organic or instrumental analysis courses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Xylitol in Sugar-Free Gum by GC–MS with Direct Aqueous Injection: A Laboratory Experiment for Chemistry Students

et al. 2018

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Proficiency with instrumental analysis via GC–MS is an important skill for chemistry students. The application of analytical techniques and fundamental theoretical principles to real-world problems can be valuable learning exercises for undergraduates which can also improve their analytical thinking skills. Xylitol is generally considered safe for human consumption and is frequently used in sugar-free gum; however, it is extremely toxic to dogs. In this laboratory experiment, upper-level undergraduate chemistry students extract xylitol from both fresh and chewed gum sticks followed by direct aqueous injection GC–MS analysis. Students learn the proper steps and techniques required for sample extraction and preparation and GC–MS analysis, and they determine concentrations of xylitol present in gum samples. Identification and quantification of the chemical components in gum extract occurs via GC–MS analysis; however, other GC detectors could be used. Students also compare external and internal standard calibration methods for xylitol quantification. Upon quantification of xylitol in chewed and unchewed gum samples, students are able to calculate the level of hazard for dogs upon ingestion.

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ELISA and GC-MS as Teaching Tools in the Undergraduate Environmental Analytical Chemistry Laboratory

Cited by 17 publications

References 0 publications

Teaching Graduate Students GC-QTOF-MS Operation and Application via an Analytical Chemistry Experiment

Teaching Graduate Students GC-QTOF-MS Operation and Application via an Analytical Chemistry Experiment

Hands-On Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry for Undergraduate Biochemistry Students: Peptide Identification by Ladder Sequencing

Determination of Xylitol in Sugar-Free Gum by GC–MS with Direct Aqueous Injection: A Laboratory Experiment for Chemistry Students

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