Elimination of sulphur odours at landfills by bioconversion and the corona discharge plasma technique

Abstract

Hydrogen sulphide (H2S) contributes a lot to odours at landfills, which is a threat to the environment and the health of the staff therein. To mitigate its emission, the bioconversion within landfill cover soils (LCSs) was introduced. H2S emission and concentration both in the field air above the landfill and in microcosm testing were surveyed. Results indicated that H2S emission and concentration in the landfill varied with landfill seasons and sites. There existed relationship between H2S concentration and fluxes spatially and temporally. To characterize and assess the spatial and temporal diversity of sulphur-oxidizing bacteria (SOB) and sulphate-reducing bacteria (SRB) in the LCSs, the terminal-restriction fragment length polymorphism technique was employed. Using the functional genes of dsrB and soxB, SOB, including Halothiobacillus, Rhodothalassium, Paracocccus, Allochromatium, and Thiobacillus, and SRB, including Desulfovibrio, Syntrophobacter, Desulfomonile and Desulfobacca, were identical and exhibited the dominant role in the LCSs. By employing an alternative available corona reactor, more than 90% removal efficiencies of sulphides were demonstrated, suggesting that the LCSs for eliminating odours in a lower concentration would be feasible.

Elevated seawater temperature disrupts the microbiome of an ecologically important bioeroding sponge

“…The taxonomic assignment of Rhodothalassium is uncertain, but the genus may represent a novel order of Alphaproteobacteria (Venkata Ramana et al., ). Rhodothalassium found in soils perform a range of important metabolic functions, including photosynthesis (Drews, ), sulphur oxidation (Xia, Liu, Kang, He, & Wu, ) and nitrogen fixation (Madigan, Cox, & Stegeman, ). Interestingly, Rhodothalassium salexigans only fixes nitrogen (sensu nitrogenase production) when glutamate, a molecule involved in nitrogen recycling within Symbiodinium ‐coral associations (Yellowlees et al., ), is available (Madigan et al., ).…”

“…The taxonomic assignment of Rhodothalassium is uncertain, but the genus may represent a novel order of Alphaproteobacteria (Venkata Ramana et al, 2013). Rhodothalassium found in soils perform a range of important metabolic functions, including photosynthesis (Drews, 1981), sulphur oxidation (Xia, Liu, Kang, He, & Wu, 2015) and nitrogen fixation (Madigan, Cox, & Stegeman, 1984 Using prevalence rather than abundance to examine the C. orientalis microbiome facilitated identification of additional taxa likely to perform important symbiotic functions (Ainsworth et al, 2015;Astudillo-Garc ıa et al, 2017;Hernandez-Agreda, Leggat, Bongaerts, & Ainsworth, 2016;Thomas et al, 2016). Multiple members of the "core" community matched microbial taxa involved in nitrogen metabolism and may play a role in nitrogen cycling within the C. orientalis holobiont.…”

H2-rich Syngas Induced from a Waste by Corona Plasma Discharge with Water as Free Radical Source

“…[7] In our previous work, we employed the technique to eliminate sulphides utilizing the radicals. [8] Originally, it was focusing on developing clean and safe strong oxidizing free radical to oxidize some unwanted components. Regarding the technique's advantages, more attentions were paid to energy conversion of non-thermal plasma in the hybrid catalytic dehydrogenation of alkyls to a gaseous fuel, or directly utilizing non-thermal plasma activation for low temperature water-gas shift catalysis.…”