Elimination of Subterranean Termite (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) Colonies Using a Refined Cellulose Bait Matrix Containing Noviflumuron When Monitored and Replenished Quarterly

Abstract

Using a quarterly (3-mo) monitoring and bait-replenishment interval, 122 subterranean termite colonies throughout the United States were baited with a refined cellulose bait matrix containing 0.5% noviflumuron. All colonies were eliminated in less than 1 yr after initiation of baiting as determined by long-term monitoring and genetic markers. Sixty-three percent of the colonies were eliminated during the first quarter after the initiation of baiting and 77% of colonies were eliminated after consuming two bait tubes or less. This suggests that a single baiting cycle and bait installed in response to a single active monitoring device were sufficient to eliminate the majority of colonies. Although termites temporarily abandoned stations after depleting bait, workers resumed feeding when baits were replenished. Colonies that consumed large amounts of bait before elimination foraged into multiple stations, thus allowing adequate amounts of bait to sustain feeding. The time to eliminate termite colonies with bait replenished quarterly was similar to that previously reported for laminated cellulose bait replenished monthly. Our data support the conclusion that extending the bait replenishment interval from monthly to quarterly for bait tubes with refined cellulose containing 0.5% noviflumuron did not adversely impact colony elimination.

Consumption of a durable termite bait matrix by subterranean termites (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) and resulting insecticidal activity

“…19 In 2004, the matrix was switched from LTC to a preferred textured cellulose matrix (PTC) containing refined cellulose and 0.5% noviflumuron. 20 PTC was found to be more palatable to termites than the LTC matrix and was more durable in soil. 1 These bait formulations all required a monitor and then bait procedure with at least quarterly inspection intervals.…”

“…In laboratory tests, noviflumuron was also shown to cause faster and higher levels of mortality to Reticulitermes flavipes (Kollar) in comparison with the chitin synthesis inhibitor diflubenzuron under moderate‐temperature test conditions . In 2004, the matrix was switched from LTC to a preferred textured cellulose matrix (PTC) containing refined cellulose and 0.5% noviflumuron . PTC was found to be more palatable to termites than the LTC matrix and was more durable in soil .…”

Combinatorial Potential of bait matrix against subterranean termites under lab and field conditions

“…A strong malodor/smell was emitted from the inner nest Eger et al (2012) and McKern-Lee et al (2010) studied that durable bait matrix will reduce the costs associated with frequent monitoring, reduce the disturbance for sensitive species and potentially provide the opportunity for baiting across large areas. Hamm et al (2013) worked on different termites and observed that consumption of the blank durable bait matrix was significantly higher than consumption of a blank preferred textured cellulose matrix (PTC) when both contained the active ingredient noviflumuron.…”

Aplikasi campuran serbuk kayu pinus dan fipronil sebagai umpan rayap tanah Macrotermes gilvus (Hagen) (Isoptera: Termitidae) di Bandung

“…Hasil ini mirip dengan penelitian pengendalian Odontotermes formosanus Shiraki (Termitidae) menggunakan fipronil yang dilakukan oleh Huang et al (2006) di Wuhan, China, walaupun mereka baru dapat mengendalikan rayap setelah empat bulan umpan diletakkan. Penelitian lainnya yang dilakukan dengan menggunakan umpan rayap berbahan aktif noviflumuron, suatu inhibitor sintesis kitin, berhasil mengendalikan 122 koloni berbagai rayap tanah (Termitidae) dalam waktu kurang dari satu tahun (Eger et al 2012). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa M gilvus sebagai anggota famili Termitidae dapat juga dikendalikan dengan menggunakan umpan, walaupun cara kerja yang pasti bagaimana umpan yang mengandung fipronil ditransfer ke dalam koloni belum dapat dijelaskan, tetapi diperkirakan hal ini dilakukan dengan cara trofalaksis antara rayap kembara dengan anggota koloni lainnya.…”