Elimination of oxidative stress and genotoxicity of biosynthesized titanium dioxide nanoparticles in rats via supplementation with whey protein-coated thyme essential oil

Abdel-Wahhab, Mosaad A.; El‐Nekeety, Aziza A.; Mohammed, Hagar E; El-Shafey, Ola I.; Abdel-Aziem, Sekena H.; Hassan, Nabila S.

doi:10.1007/s11356-021-14723-7

Cited by 9 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 126 publications

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“…Animals that received TiO2-NPs showed considerable down-regulation of hepatic SOD, GPx, CAT, and Bcl-2 mRNA expression accompanied by a remarkable up-regulation of TNF-α and Bcl-2 mRNA. These results were harmonized with our biochemical results and J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f 22 confirmed the assumption that these nanoparticles stimulate oxidative damage through the exhaustion of these antioxidant enzymes by suppressing their corresponding gene expression (Abdel-Wahhab et al, 2021;Salman et al, 2021). It is well documented that Bcl-2 is an anti-apoptosis protein responsible for the control of mitochondrial integrity surface, whereas Bax is a pro-apoptotic protein and the balance of these proteins is critical for the control of the sensitivity of the cell to apoptotic stimulations (Ilani et al 2018).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…This ROS causes injury to the macromolecules especially lipids, nucleic acids in the liver and kidney (Trouiller et al 2009). Moreover, reducing the activity of antioxidant enzymes and elevation of MDA may be responsible for cell apoptosis (Abdel-Wahhab et al, 2021;Salaman et al, 2021). Additionally, the high level of ROS increases Nrf2, the master regulator for various antioxidant genes expression and Nrf2 deficiency encourages further DNA damage and enhances cancer risk (Shi et al 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…organs and accommodated with the literature(Abdel-Wahhab et al, 2021; Morgan et al 2018). Similar observations were reported byValentini et al (2019) who found pathological alterations in liver sections which were primarily related to oxidative damage and the most changes were localized nearby the central vein.…”

mentioning

confidence: 81%

“…Moreover, administration of TiO2-NPs was reported to induce loss of the appetite leading to the decrease in body weight in mice(Chen et al 2009) and also decrease the number of intestine villi, reduce the surface which is responsible for nutrients absorption leading to body weight loss and malnutrition(Duan et al 2010). Additionally, TiO2-NPs may penetrate the intestinal mucosa resulting in the damage or the chronic failure of intestinal epithelium tissue(Abdel-Wahhab et al, 2021;Ammendolia et al 2017; Brun et al 2014).The results also clearly indicated that administration of TiO2-NPs disturb the liver and kidney function as they increased the biochemical indices of these organs. It is well known that transaminases are located in the hepatocytes and they release into the serum J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f 20 when these hepatocytes are damaged or injured(Dambach et al 2005;Thapa and Walia 2007; Mohammed and Safwat 2020).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Synthesis of encapsulated fish oil using whey protein isolate to prevent the oxidative damage and cytotoxicity of titanium dioxide nanoparticles in rats

Abdel-Wahhab

El‐Nekeety

Mohammed

et al. 2021

Heliyon

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Fish oil exhibited several beneficial effects on human health; however, its applications face several challenges such as its effects on the organoleptic properties of food and its susceptibility to oxidation. Titanium dioxide NPs (TiO 2 -NPs) are utilized widely in pharmaceutical and food applications although there are some reports about their oxidative damage to living organisms. The current work was undertaken to identify fatty acids content in mullet fish oil, encapsulation, and characterization of the oil, and to assess the protective efficiency of the encapsulated mullet fish oil (EMFO) against the oxidative damage and genotoxicity of TiO 2 -NPs in rats. Sixty female Sprague-Dawley rats were distributed to 6 groups and treated for 21 days included the control group; TiO 2 -NPs-treated group (50 mg/kg b.w); the groups treated with EMFO (50 or 100 mg/kg b.w) and the groups received TiO 2 -NPs plus EMFO at the low or high dose. Samples of blood, liver, and kidney were taken for different assays and histological studies. The GC-FID analysis showed that a total of 14 different fatty acids were found in Mullet fish oil included 41.4% polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), 31.1% monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), and 25.1% saturated fatty acids (SFAs). The structure of EMFO was spherical with an average diameter of 234.5 nm and a zeta potential of -6.24 mV and was stable up to 10 days at 25 °C with EE of 81.08%. The PV of EMFO was decreased at 5 days then increased at 15 days; however, TBARS was increased throughout the storage time over 15 days. The biological evaluation showed that TiO 2 -NPs disturb the hepato-nephro functions, lipid profile, inflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress markers, antioxidant enzymes activity, and their corresponding gene expression along with severe pathological alterations in both hepatic and renal tissue. Co-administration of EMFO induced a strong antioxidant role, and the high level could normalize the majority of the parameters tested and the histological picture of the hepatic and renal tissues. These results pointed out that the encapsulation technology enhances the protective role of EMFO against oxidative stress and genotoxicity of TiO 2 -NPs through the prevention of ω-3 PUFAs oxidation and controlling their release.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 81%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synthesis of encapsulated fish oil using whey protein isolate to prevent the oxidative damage and cytotoxicity of titanium dioxide nanoparticles in rats

Abdel-Wahhab

El‐Nekeety

Mohammed

et al. 2021

Heliyon

Self Cite

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“…Following the consumption of thyme oil, the expression of caspase-3 increased in the liver of rats. In a study conducted by Abdel-Wahhab et al, TE improved the antioxidant status and reduced apoptosis by decreasing the expression of Bax and increasing the expression of Bcl-2 in kidney and liver tissues [ 39 ]. In another study, by examining the Bcl2 gene, thymol and thyme oil were mentioned as having anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic properties [ 40 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Thyme Essential Oil on Liver Injuries Caused by Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion in Rats

Rostami

Eslamifar

Nazemi

et al. 2022

BioMed Research International

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Liver damage occurs following renal ischemia-reperfusion (RIR) that can cause inflammation and inflammatory cytokines activated after kidney injury. In this study, thyme essential oil (TE) with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties was used to reduce liver damage induced by renal IR. 32 male rats were randomly divided into 4 equal groups: (1) control, (2) RIR, (3) RIR+TE, and (4) TE. Rats received TE as a pretreatment at a dose of 0.5 ml/kg for one week. Then, under anesthesia for 45 minutes for ischemia, the kidneys of the animals were closed with clamps, and reperfusion was performed for 24 hours. Animal serum was isolated to evaluate alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) parameters. The liver of rats was examined for the measurement of malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), catalase (CAT), and expression of genes such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and caspase-3. ALP, AST, ALT, MDA, NO, IL-6, TNF-α, and caspase-3 increased significantly in the RIR group compared to the control group ( p < 0.05 ). GSH, GPX, and CAT decreased significantly in the RIR group compared to the control group ( p < 0.05 ). TE caused a decrease in ALP, AST, ALT, MDA, NO, IL-6, and TNF-α compared to the RIR group and caused an increase in the amount of GSH, GPX, and CAT in the RIR group ( p < 0.05 ). This study showed that TE has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties that reduce liver damage induced by RIR.

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The toxicological effects of nano titanium dioxide on target organs and mechanisms of toxicity

Li,

Tang

2023

J of Applied Toxicology

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Nano‐titanium dioxide (TiO2NPs) is widely used for its extremely high stability, corrosion resistance, and photocatalytic properties and has penetrated into various fields of production and life. Assessing its toxicity to different organs should be a key part of preclinical toxicity assessment of TiO2NPs, which is relatively incomprehensive yet. Therefore, this review focuses on the toxic effects of TiO2NPs on various organs in mammals and biological mechanisms from different organs. The commonality of toxic effects on various target organs reflected in tissue structure damage and dysfunction, such as liver damage and dysfunction; pulmonary fibrosis; and renal impairment (including hematuria and nephritis); damage of brain tissue and neurons; alteration of intestinal villi; and weight loss. And effects on the reproductive system are affected by different sexes, including ovarian dysfunction, testicular development damage, and sperm viability reduction. We believe that the toxic mechanisms of TiO2NPs in target organs have commonalities, such as oxidative stress, inflammatory responses, and organelle damage. However, different target organ toxicities also have their specificities. TiO2NPs disturb the intestinal flora and cause undesirable changes in feces products. And in spleen are infiltration of neutrophils and lymphadenopathy and eventually immune deficiency. Although the toxic pathways are different, but there may be a close link between the different toxic pathways. In this article, the main manifestations of the toxic effects of titanium dioxide nanoparticles on major mammalian organs are reviewed, in order to provide basic data for their better application from a medical perspective.

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Elimination of oxidative stress and genotoxicity of biosynthesized titanium dioxide nanoparticles in rats via supplementation with whey protein-coated thyme essential oil

Cited by 9 publications

References 126 publications

Synthesis of encapsulated fish oil using whey protein isolate to prevent the oxidative damage and cytotoxicity of titanium dioxide nanoparticles in rats

Synthesis of encapsulated fish oil using whey protein isolate to prevent the oxidative damage and cytotoxicity of titanium dioxide nanoparticles in rats

The Effect of Thyme Essential Oil on Liver Injuries Caused by Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion in Rats

The toxicological effects of nano titanium dioxide on target organs and mechanisms of toxicity

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