Elimination and multiplication of bacteria during preparation and storage of buffy coat–derived platelet concentrates

Mohr, H.; Bayer, Anette; Gravemann, Ute; Müller, Thomas H.

doi:10.1111/j.1537-2995.2006.00827.x

Cited by 42 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 31 publications

(68 reference statements)

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“…However, the problem of bacterial contamination of PLTs has been addressed directly only within the past 5 years 126 . The implementation of predonation sampling has reduced the incidence of bacterial contamination since then, 127,128 and research in pathogen inactivation may soon be introduced into practice. Have we invested wisely in transfusion medicine when we are just beginning to address PLT bacterial contamination and posttransfusion alloimmunization, while on the other hand, we have repeatedly reduced the incidence of transfusion‐associated viral transmission to the point where additional investments will be met with a small incremental benefit?…”

Section: Impact Of Key Developmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applying molecular immunohematology discoveries to standards of practice in blood banks: now is the time

Denomme

Flegel

2008

Transfusion

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Lessons from more than 100 years of immunohematology exemplify that many critical discoveries were made serendipitously and their more rapid implementation could have benefited transfusion recipients and pregnancies. Constituents of blood that are not essential for the attempted therapeutic benefit of a transfusion are largely removed from today's blood products. We are now moving on to avoid unnecessary exposure to potentially harmful constituents of the therapeutically required cells, like blood group antigens that are foreign to the patient. Cost efficacy needs to be kept in mind but may eventually prove much better than anticipated, once hidden benefits are captured, as we show by examples from past immunohematologic developments. Here, we detail clinical applications for molecular immunohematology advances including "dry-matching" that will improve transfusion outcomes and argue for their widespread implementation by rapid timelines through standards of practice.

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Section: Impact Of Key Developmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applying molecular immunohematology discoveries to standards of practice in blood banks: now is the time

Denomme

Flegel

2008

Transfusion

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“…Further disadvantages of culture methods include the detection of bacterial contaminations with non-transfusion-relevant bacterial species or titers. For example, Propionibacterium acnes , which is often detected in PCs with cultural methods, lacks the capability to proliferate in PCs due to the storage conditions in the gas-permeable bags [26,27]. Furthermore, bacteria that usually die due to autosterilization during PC storage were also detected using the early sampling procedure.…”

Section: Diagnostic Methods - Bacterial Screening Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic Methods for Platelet Bacteria Screening: Current Status and Developments

Störmer

Vollmer

2013

Transfus Med Hemother

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Bacterial contamination of blood components and the prevention of transfusion-associated bacterial infection still remains a major challenge in transfusion medicine. Over the past few decades, a significant reduction in the transmission of viral infections has been achieved due to the introduction of mandatory virus screening. Platelet concentrates (PCs) represent one of the highest risks for bacterial infection. This is due to the required storage conditions for PCs in gas-permeable containers at room temperature with constant agitation, which support bacterial proliferation from low contamination levels to high titers. In contrast to virus screening, since 1997 in Germany bacterial testing of PCs is only performed as a routine quality control or, since 2008, to prolong the shelf life to 5 days. In general, bacterial screening of PCs by cultivation methods is implemented by the various blood services. Although these culturing systems will remain the gold standard, the significance of rapid methods for screening for bacterial contamination has increased over the last few years. These new methods provide powerful tools for increasing the bacterial safety of blood components. This article summarizes the course of policies and provisions introduced to increase bacterial safety of blood components in Germany. Furthermore, we give an overview of the different diagnostic methods for bacterial screening of PCs and their current applicability in routine screening processes.

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“…In addition the specific composition of these preparations, e.g. the presence of leucoytes and the holding times [50], may further modify the initial load of bacteria in a blood component. Independent considerations of various authors [14,34,48] suggest that numbers as low as 10-100 CFU/component may represent a realistic upper level of bacteria to be expected for endogenously (i.e.…”

Section: Sterility Testing Of Blood Products Contaminated With a Low mentioning

confidence: 99%

Laboratory Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Pathogen Reduction Procedures for Bacteria

Müller

Montag

Seltsam

2011

Transfus Med Hemother

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Bacterial contamination remains a leading factor for transfusion-associated serious morbidity and mortality. Pathogen reduction procedures offer a pro-active approach to prevent bacterial contamination of cellular blood components and especially of platelet concentrates. In the past, the laboratory evaluation of the effectiveness of the pathogen reduction procedures to minimise the bacterial load of blood components has been primarily based on log reduction assays similar to the assessment of antiviral activities. Bacteria strains with the ability to multiply in the blood components are seeded in highest possible cell numbers, the pathogen reduction procedure is applied, and the post-treatment number of bacteria is measured. The effectiveness of the procedure is characterised by calculating the log reduction of the post- to pre-treatment bacteria titres. More recently, protocols have been developed for experiments starting with a low bacteria load and monitoring the sterility of the blood component during the entire storage period of the blood component. Results for 3 different pathogen reduction technologies in these experimental models are compared and critical determinants for the results are addressed. The heterogeneity of results observed for different strains suggests that the introduction of international transfusion-relevant bacterial reference strains may facilitate the validity of findings in pathogen reduction experiments.

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Elimination and multiplication of bacteria during preparation and storage of buffy coat–derived platelet concentrates

Abstract: Bacteria are significantly eliminated by the preparation procedure for random donor PCs. Also, blood and buffy coats are bactericidal for most species. When buffy-coat storage is prolonged, it cannot, however, be predicted whether specific strains vanish or multiply.

Cited by 42 publications

References 31 publications

Applying molecular immunohematology discoveries to standards of practice in blood banks: now is the time

Applying molecular immunohematology discoveries to standards of practice in blood banks: now is the time

Diagnostic Methods for Platelet Bacteria Screening: Current Status and Developments

Laboratory Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Pathogen Reduction Procedures for Bacteria

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