Eliminating oxygen vacancies in SnO2 films via aerosol-assisted chemical vapour deposition for perovskite solar cells and photoelectrochemical cells

Noh, Mohamad Firdaus Mohamad; Arzaee, Nurul Affiqah; Safaei, Javad; Mohamed, Nurul Aida; Kim, Hyeong Pil; Yusoff, Abd. Rashid bin Mohd; Jang, Jin; Teridi, Mohd Asri Mat

doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2018.09.273

Cited by 86 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 71 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…All these facts confirm the positive effect of the UVO treatment, which influences the density and distribution of surface defects, believed to be oxygen vacancies and/or terminal hydroxyl groups, playing a central role in the improvement of the SnO 2 /perovskite interface quality and in the device performance by the reduction in the recombination rate.…”

Section: Figures Of Merits Jsc Ff Voc and Pce Expressed As Mean supporting

confidence: 62%

Analysis of the UV–Ozone‐Treated SnO₂ Electron Transporting Layer in Planar Perovskite Solar Cells for High Performance and Reduced Hysteresis

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Tin oxide (SnO2) is widely used as an electron transporting layer (ETL) in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) because of its good transparency, band alignment to perovskite, and stability. The interface between the ETL and the perovskite in the PSCs affects the charge extraction process and influences the optoelectronic properties. Surface treatment of SnO2, such as the UV–ozone (UVO) treatment, is shown to enhance the efficiency and reduce the light soaking effect of the PSCs. Herein, the success in control and suppressing hysteresis reaching the highest photoconversion efficiency of 19.4% with negligible hysteresis for the growth of the devices on SnO2 treated with UVO for 60 min is reported. The wettability of the treated SnO2 is well matched with the polar solvent of the perovskite solution, leading to complete coverage of the substrate, although the treatment does not affect the morphology and the crystallinity of the perovskite thin films. Impedance spectroscopy measurement analysis clearly indicates the decrease in the recombination rate after the UVO treatment and the reduction in low frequency capacitance causing a reduction in the current–potential curve hysteresis.

show abstract

Section: Figures Of Merits Jsc Ff Voc and Pce Expressed As Mean supporting

confidence: 62%

Analysis of the UV–Ozone‐Treated SnO₂ Electron Transporting Layer in Planar Perovskite Solar Cells for High Performance and Reduced Hysteresis

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In other words, most photons with longer wavelengths were not transmitted properly but were scattered and reflected by the film. However, the observed light absorption in this region can be expected not to contribute to the formation of electron-hole pairs owing to the bandgap [35]. DDTS-15s film exhibited the lowest light absorption compared with DDTS-5s and DDTS-10s films.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Ambient fabrication of perovskite solar cells through delay-deposition technique

Fahsyar

Ludin²,

Ramli³

et al. 2021

Mater Renew Sustain Energy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The establishment of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) in terms of their power-conversion efficiency (PCE) over silicon-based solar cells is undeniable. The state-of-art of easy device fabrications of PSCs has enabled them to rapidly gain a place in third-generation photovoltaic technology. Numerous obstacles remain to be addressed in device efficiency and stability. Low performance owing to easily degraded surface and deterioration of perovskite film quality resulting from humidity are issues that often arise. This work explored a new approach to producing high-quality perovskite films prepared under high relative humidity (RH = 40%–50%). In particular, the ubiquitous 4-tert-butylpyridine (tBp) was introduced into lead iodide (PbI2) precursor as an additive, and the films were fabricated using a two-step deposition method followed by a delay-deposition technique of methylammonium iodide (MAI). High crystallinity and controlled nucleation of MAI were needed, and this approach revealed the significance of time control to ensure high-quality films with large grain size, high crystallography, wide coverage on substrate, and precise and evenly coupled MAI molecules to PbI2 films. Compared with the two-step method without time delay, a noticeable improvement in PCE from 3.2 to 8.3% was achieved for the sample prepared with 15 s time delay. This finding was primarily due to the significant enhancement in the open-circuit voltage, short-circuit current, and fill factor of the device. This strategy can effectively improve the morphology and crystallinity of perovskite films, as well as reduce the recombination of photogenerated carriers and increase of current density of devices, thereby achieving improved photovoltaic performance.

show abstract

“…V O has a low formation energy of 0.10 eV, which is consistent with the previous experiments’ observations that O vacancy can easily form at the interface. 68 , 69 For V I and I i , their formation energies at the interface are 0.37 and 0.26 eV, respectively, relatively smaller when compared to the bulk. It can be attributed to the bonding environment at the interface that the lattices of the perovskites are expanded by the tensile stress, which weakens the bond strength of Pb–I bonds and enlarges the interstice space.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“… 67 Noh et al found there are a lot of oxygen vacancies in SnO 2 films. 68 Shi et al indicated that there might be some element exchanges at the interfaces. 69 On the basis of these results, we have considered all these possible point defects that might be easily formed at the CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 /SnO 2 interfaces, including four vacancies (V O , V Pb , V I , V MA ), three interstitials (Sn i , O i , I i ), one cation substitution (MA Pb ), and two antisite substitutions (Sn–I, Pb–O).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stress and Defect Effects on Electron Transport Properties at SnO₂/Perovskite Interfaces: A First-Principles Insight

Xiao

Wang

et al. 2022

ACS Omega

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The structural and electronic properties of interfaces play an important role in the stability and functionality of solar cell devices. Experiments indicate that the SnO 2 /perovskite interfaces always show superior electron transport efficiency and high structural stability even though there exists a larger lattice mismatch. Aiming at solving the puzzles, we have performed density-functional theory calculations to investigate the electronic characteristics of the SnO 2 /perovskite interfaces with various stresses and defects. The results prove that the PbI 2 /SnO 2 interfaces have better structural stability and superior characteristics for the electron transport. The tensile stress could move the conduction band minimum (CBM) of CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 upward, while the compressive stress could move the CBM of SnO 2 downward. By taking into account the stress effect, the CBM offset is 0.07 eV at the PbI 2 /SnO 2 interface and 0.28 eV at the MAI/SnO 2 interface. Moreover, our calculations classify V I and I i at the PbI 2 /SnO 2 interface and Sn–I, I i and Sn i at the MAI/SnO 2 interface as harmful defects. The I i defects are the most easily formed harmful defects and should be avoided at both interfaces. The calculated results are in agreement with the available experimental observations. The present work provides a theoretical basis for improving the stability and photovoltaic performance of the perovskite solar cells.

show abstract

Eliminating oxygen vacancies in SnO2 films via aerosol-assisted chemical vapour deposition for perovskite solar cells and photoelectrochemical cells

Cited by 86 publications

References 71 publications

Analysis of the UV–Ozone‐Treated SnO₂ Electron Transporting Layer in Planar Perovskite Solar Cells for High Performance and Reduced Hysteresis

Analysis of the UV–Ozone‐Treated SnO₂ Electron Transporting Layer in Planar Perovskite Solar Cells for High Performance and Reduced Hysteresis

Ambient fabrication of perovskite solar cells through delay-deposition technique

Stress and Defect Effects on Electron Transport Properties at SnO₂/Perovskite Interfaces: A First-Principles Insight

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Eliminating oxygen vacancies in SnO2 films via aerosol-assisted chemical vapour deposition for perovskite solar cells and photoelectrochemical cells

Cited by 86 publications

References 71 publications

Analysis of the UV–Ozone‐Treated SnO2 Electron Transporting Layer in Planar Perovskite Solar Cells for High Performance and Reduced Hysteresis

Analysis of the UV–Ozone‐Treated SnO2 Electron Transporting Layer in Planar Perovskite Solar Cells for High Performance and Reduced Hysteresis

Ambient fabrication of perovskite solar cells through delay-deposition technique

Stress and Defect Effects on Electron Transport Properties at SnO2/Perovskite Interfaces: A First-Principles Insight

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Analysis of the UV–Ozone‐Treated SnO₂ Electron Transporting Layer in Planar Perovskite Solar Cells for High Performance and Reduced Hysteresis

Analysis of the UV–Ozone‐Treated SnO₂ Electron Transporting Layer in Planar Perovskite Solar Cells for High Performance and Reduced Hysteresis

Stress and Defect Effects on Electron Transport Properties at SnO₂/Perovskite Interfaces: A First-Principles Insight