Elicitor-induced rosmarinic acid biosynthesis in Lithospermum erythrorhizon cell suspension cultures: Activities of rosmarinic acid synthase and the final two cytochrome P450-catalyzed hydroxylations

Abstract

A drastic increase in rosmarinic acid (RA) accumulation is induced in cultured cells of Lithospermum erythrorhizon after their exposure to yeast extract or methyl jasmonate. Addition of the elicitors to the cell cultures only slightly enhanced the activity of rosmarinic acid synthase, which catalyzes formation of 4-coumaroyl-4Ј-hydroxyphenyllactic acid (CHPL), the first reaction specific to RA biosynthesis. In contrast, the two-step cytochrome P450-catalyzed hydroxylations of CHPL to form RA were dramatically up-regulated by the elicitor treatments, indicating that these hydroxylation activities are likely to play a key regulatory role in elicitation of RA biosynthesis.

The effects of jasmonic acid and methyl jasmonate on rosmarinic acid production in Mentha × piperita cell suspension cultures

“…RA concentration reached 10-fold higher content compared with the control 48 h after elicitor application. Between 48 and 72 h after MeJA addition RA concentration was considerably decreased; RA might be metabolized to some other compounds (Ogata et al 2004). Similar effects to those were recorded in our study in the case of JA treatment.…”

“…Some of them are credited with therapeutic properties. Jasmonates were also applied to induce RA production in suspension cultures of several species (Mizukami et al 1993;Szabo et al 1999;Ogata et al 2004;Tsuruga et al 2006;Georgiev et al 2007). Although M. piperita suspension cultures were the subject of several in vitro experiments, most of them were applied to investigate and stimulate menthol production (Park et al 1997;Chang et al 1998;Kim et al 2002;Chakraborty and Chattopadhyay 2008).…”

The effect of yeast extract and methyl jasmonate on rosmarinic acid accumulation in Coleus blumei hairy roots

“…4A). Increase in the PAL activity preceded the RA accumulation in Lithospermum erythrorhizon (Mizukami et al 1992, Ogata et al 2004) and Coleus blumei cell suspension cultures (Szabo et al 1999). Mostly, maximum PAL activity was reached 24 h after elicitor treatment, and then it decreased.…”

Molecular Cloning and Characterization of Genes Involved in Rosmarinic Acid Biosynthesis from <i>Prunella vulgaris</i>

“…38) In cultured cells of Lithospermum erythrorhizon, RA accumulation was increased drastically and RAS activity was slightly enhanced after yeast extract or methyl jasmonate treatment. 39) Additionally, RA accumulation of Coleus blumei has the highest in the leaves, followed by stems and roots and transcript level of HPPR was the highest in the stems. 40) Very recently, we cloned tyrosine pathway genes (TAT, tyrosine aminotransferase; HPPR; RAS) involved in RA biosynthesis.…”