Eliciting Accessibility Requirements for People with Hearing Loss: A Semantic and Norm Analysis

Abstract

The barriers for people with hearing loss to access the Web go beyond the perceptual ones, i.e., the use of audio based content. Many people with hearing loss have difficulty writing and interpreting long or complex texts on the Web. In this study, we analyzed the semantic and normative aspects of Web content production and consumption by means of participatory studies with 29 deaf users. These studies resulted in the elicitation of 121 key problems, and the respective high level design recommendations. The recommendations aim to transform the Web into an inductor of learning. They also include design solutions that demand further research on assistive technologies

Towards Inclusive Software: Accessible Questionnaires for Deaf People

“…Ferreira and Bonacin [Ferreira and Bonacin 2014] analyzed the semantic and normative aspects of Web content production and consumption by means of participatory studies with deaf users. These studies resulted in the elicitation of 121 key problems, and the respective high level design recommendations.…”

“…To reach all people, the disability-aware SE is emerging [Nganji and Nggada 2011, Sanchez-Gordon et al 2019, Ferreira and Bonacin 2014, Bouraoui and Gharbi 2019. As presented by Leitner et al [Leitner et al 2016], the implementation of accessibility within a company is based on many factors, for example, the sector that an organisation works in and social willingness.…”

Universal Participatory Design: Achievements and Challenges

“…Instead of proposing means for deaf users to communicate with each other, or means to translate the written language to sign language, the project aimed to use the existing technologies (e.g., avatars) as resources to stimulate the learning of the written language and the user's autonomy in an inclusive and universal view of the Web. Results from the project included: (1) a study of the barriers for people with hearing loss making use of the web [14]; (2) the elicitation of accessibility requirements for people with hearing loss [15]; (3) the use of computational resources for bilingual deaf literacy [16]; and, (4) a set of design recommendations that encourage the learning of the written language by deaf users using Web resources [17].…”

Studies in Organisational Semiotics: A Systematic Literature Review

“…Semantic Analysis Method (SAM): It assists the identification of ontological dependence on information systems and the generation of ontology charts [8,22,41,50,52,54,61]. For instance, researchers could represent the possible patterns of behaviors in Clinical Pathway and their relationships in an OC, which delineates the boundary of concern in the analysis and defines the meaning of terminology used in the clinical pathway model [60].…”

“…For instance, [60] used NAM to extract and analyze patterns of care activities and informal safety norms that affect patient safety outcomes. Researchers also adopted NAM to identify norms of the production and consumption of Web content [22]. In [42], the authors elicited different interface representations through NAM and participatory practices.…”