Elicitation of horizontal nystagmus by periodic linear acceleration.

Niven, Jorma I.; Hixson, W. Carroll; Correia, Manning J.

doi:10.1037/e441592004-001

Cited by 15 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 1 publication

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…According to these authors, the persistence of nystagmus in this situation is not due to the initial angular acceleration used to achieve rotation speed; it is caused instead by the sensory input provided by continuous reorientation of the body relative to gravity. Their conclusion was supported by subsequent experiments in which the same kind of persistent nystagmus was elicited from subjects who were counterrotated at the end of a centrifuge arm (3,18). In the latter case, the rotating linear acceleration vector was produced by centripetal acceleration, and angular acceleration was not present.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 65%

“…The cyclic modulation is clearly keyed to body position, and position indication is a widely accepted otolithic function. As pointed out by Niven et al (18) and by Benson and Barnes (4), cyclic modulation appears to reflect a compensatory response to the transverse (left-right) component of the otolithic shear force. Such an interpretation is supported by the fact that the cyclic change in transverse shear force is the same during tilted-axis rotation as It is when the subject experiences linear oscillation along his transverse body axis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Such an interpretation is supported by the fact that the cyclic change in transverse shear force is the same during tilted-axis rotation as It is when the subject experiences linear oscillation along his transverse body axis. Niven et al (18) exposed men to a transverse linear oscillation and obtained a direction-reversing nystagmus analogous to the cyclic component of nystagmus observed during tilted-axis rotation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Nystagmus Responses during Rotation about a Tilted Axis,

Stockwell¹,

Turnipseed²,

Guedry³

1971

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Nystagmus Responses during Rotation about a Tilted Axis,

Stockwell¹,

Turnipseed²,

Guedry³

1971

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…acceleration is a horizontal induced linear VOR component, identical to the eye movement response to an actual interaural linear acceleration (Niven et al 1966;Paige and Tomko 1991;Schwarz et al 1989;Schwarz and Miles 1991). Since the illusory tilt direction reverses with roll optokinetic stimulation (Fig.…”

Section: Eye Movementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since a nonzero estimate of interaural linear acceleration (â y ) is predicted, an appropriate horizontal compensatory translational vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) response might be elicited (Fig. 2), as in response to a true interaural linear acceleration (Niven et al 1966;Paige and Tomko 1991;Schwarz et al 1989;Schwarz and Miles 1991). We refer to this horizontal VOR component, represented by an eye rotation vector about the z-axis, as an "induced VOR".…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural Processing of Gravito-Inertial Cues in Humans. IV. Influence of Visual Rotational Cues During Roll Optokinetic Stimuli

Zupan

Merfeld

2003

Journal of Neurophysiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sensory systems often provide ambiguous information. For example, otolith organs measure gravito-inertial force (GIF), the sum of gravitational force and inertial force due to linear acceleration. However, according to Einstein's equivalence principle, a change in gravitational force due to tilt is indistinguishable from a change in inertial force due to translation. Therefore the central nervous system (CNS) must use other sensory cues to distinguish tilt from translation. For example, the CNS might use dynamic visual cues indicating rotation to help determine the orientation of gravity (tilt). This, in turn, might influence the neural processes that estimate linear acceleration, since the CNS might estimate gravity and linear acceleration such that the difference between these estimates matches the measured GIF. Depending on specific sensory information inflow, inaccurate estimates of gravity and linear acceleration can occur. Specifically, we predict that illusory tilt caused by roll optokinetic cues should lead to a horizontal vestibuloocular reflex compensatory for an interaural estimate of linear acceleration, even in the absence of actual linear acceleration. To investigate these predictions, we measured eye movements binocularly using infrared video methods in 17 subjects during and after optokinetic stimulation about the subject's nasooccipital (roll) axis (60°/s, clockwise or counterclockwise). The optokinetic stimulation was applied for 60 s followed by 30 s in darkness. We simultaneously measured subjective roll tilt using a somatosensory bar. Each subject was tested in three different orientations: upright, pitched forward 10°, and pitched backward 10°. Five subjects reported significant subjective roll tilt (>10°) in directions consistent with the direction of the optokinetic stimulation. In addition to torsional optokinetic nystagmus and afternystagmus, we measured a horizontal nystagmus to the right during and following clockwise (CW) stimulation and to the left during and following counterclockwise (CCW) stimulation. These measurements match predictions that subjective tilt in the absence of real tilt should induce a nonzero estimate of interaural linear acceleration and, therefore, a horizontal eye response. Furthermore, as predicted, the horizontal response in the dark was larger for Tilters ( n = 5) than for Non-Tilters ( n= 12).

show abstract

Analysis of Downbeat Nystagmus

Gresty¹

1986

Arch Neurol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Elicitation of horizontal nystagmus by periodic linear acceleration.

Cited by 15 publications

References 1 publication

Nystagmus Responses during Rotation about a Tilted Axis,

Nystagmus Responses during Rotation about a Tilted Axis,

Neural Processing of Gravito-Inertial Cues in Humans. IV. Influence of Visual Rotational Cues During Roll Optokinetic Stimuli

Analysis of Downbeat Nystagmus

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About