Elevation in D-dimer concentrations is positively correlated with gestation in normal uncomplicated pregnancy

Jeremiah, Zaccheaus A; Adias, Teddy Charles; Opiah, Margaret Mombel; George, Siyeoforiye P; Mgbere, Osaro; Essien, E. James

doi:10.2147/ijwh.s32655

Cited by 13 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…It is often difficult to diagnose DVT during pregnancy, as the symptoms such as leg swelling, dyspnea and chest pain are otherwise common during pregnancy period. Also, since the D-dimer concentrations increase with gestational age and are particularly raised during post partum period 47 , hence this test may give false positive results if used for VTE diagnosis. In such cases, other non-invasive tests such as compression ultrasound examination could be more accurate.…”

Section: Dvt Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Venous Thrombosis could be Gender Specific, Women Beware!

et al. 2019

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Venous thrombosis (VT) is the third major cause of mortality in the world after heart attack and stroke. Its two major clinical manifestations are deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE) which are serious medical conditions but often remain under-diagnosed. Although rate of occurrence of venous thrombosis in men is slightly higher, a number of studies have pointed out that woman poses higher risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) compared to men at various stages of life. Risk of VTE increases in women’s life particularly with use of oral contraceptives, during pregnancy and with exogenous administration of hormones like in post-menopausal hormone therapy. Various reports show that these factors increase risk of DVT and PE by several folds. DVT is considered as an important cause of maternal death in western countries. It is often asymptomatic and its signs and symptoms are similar to those of normal pregnancy. The hormonal changes at various stages of life and less physical activity increase the risk of VTE by blood flow stasis. It is extremely important for women to know the stages of life when they are prone to develop VTE, about its prevention and treatment. Detailed studies on differences in clinical manifestations of VTE between men and women are lacking. This review focusses on assessing the increased risk of VTE and its prognosis in women based on available literature.

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Section: Dvt Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Venous Thrombosis could be Gender Specific, Women Beware!

et al. 2019

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“…It is being thought that severe military conflicts in Africa shorten the expected lifetime for more than 2 years. In general, WHO had calculated that 269 thousand people had died in 1999 due to the effect of wars and that loss of 8.44 million healthy years of life had occurred (2,3). Wars negatively affect the provision of health services.…”

Section: War and Women's Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…

IntroductionD-dimer is a minor protein product, which is found in circulation in negligible amounts because of endogenous fibrinolysis (1,2). The normal or negative (decreased level) D-dimer result could exclude the serious intravascular thrombotic conditions, while the positive result (increased level) can be an indicator for the presence of an acute disorder related to abnormal clot formation such as venous thromboembolism (VTE).

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confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Plasma D-Dimer Concentration Among Normal and Complicated Pregnancies, Saudi Arabia

Zaini

Alrehaili

Kufia

2018

International Journal of Women’s Health and Reproduction Scienc

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Objectives: The purpose of the current work is to evaluate D-dimer plasma level among both normal and complicated pregnancies such as gestational diabetes (GD) and hypertension (GH) among Saudi females. It is also focused on exhibiting any possible factors that could also play a role in rising D-dimer levels besides the age of the pregnant woman and the period of gestation. Materials and Methods: A semi-quantitative latex agglutination assay was performed in the blood sample of healthy non-pregnant, pregnant and pregnant females with GD and GH. Results: The results exhibited that 92% of pregnancies with GH and 90% of multiple pregnancies had high D-dimer levels. The analysis of the effect of age of pregnant women on D-dimer concentrations presented that 100% of pregnant women with GD, GH or multiple pregnancies aged above 40, had high levels of D-dimer. The results of the relationship between gestational age of pregnancies and D-dimer showed that by reaching the third trimester, about 66.6% of women who had multiple pregnancies had D-dimer concentration above 2000 ng/mL. Interestingly, all the pregnant females with GH had D-dimer concentrations above 2000 ng/mL. Conclusions: This study postulated that the concentrations of D-dimer significantly increase during pregnancy associated with common complications such as GD and GH. It is the first study to demonstrate the possible risk factors during pregnancy, which include age, number of pregnancies, gestational age and pregnancies with GD and GH, especially among Saudi Arabian women.

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“…Pregnancy condition being a hypercoagulable state is characterized by increase in some coagulation factors predisposing to thrombotic risk and consequential increased fibrinolysis. D-dimer has been employed in some parts of Nigeria to ascertain this claim using ELISA and latex suspension methods [5,6,7], however, there is need to assess the fibrinolytic and thrombotic risks of pregnant women in Southwestern Nigeria to provide more information on the hypercoagulable condition in order to enhance parturients antenatal monitoring and subsequent reduction in maternal mortality. In lieu of this, this study therefore determined the D-dimer concentration distribution among a substantial representative of the pregnant population across some states in this region.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of D-Dimer Levels in Southwestern Nigerian Pregnant Women

Okungbowa

Alade

West

et al. 2020

AIR

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Aim: This study evaluated D-dimer level in pregnant and non-pregnant women in Southwestern Nigeria in order to provide more information on the concentration and liable risks in this region. Study Design: This is a cross sectional study where convenience sampling method was applied in sample collection. Place and Duration of Study: Blood samples were collected from pregnant women attending the antenatal clinics of Federal Teaching Hospital Ido-Ekiti (FETHI), Ekiti; Federal Medical Centre (FMC), Owo; and LAUTECH Teaching Hospital (LTH), Osogbo in Southwestern Nigeria. Methodology: Exactly three hundred pregnant (300) and one hundred and fifty (150) apparently healthy non pregnant women were recruited for this study. The blood samples were analysed for haematocrit (HCT) and platelet count using Sysmex KX-2IN (Japan); prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) by Diagen reagents (Diagnostic Ltd., UK); the international normalized ratio (INR) was calculated from the PT results; and D-dimer quantitative assay using Tina Quant Gen 2 on Cobas C111 (Roche). Data analysis was performed using IBM-SPSS version 25.0; mean and standard deviation was used to summarize continuous variables and descriptive and Inferential statistical tests were employed with level of statistical significance was determined at p<0.05. Results: The mean D-dimer levels were significantly higher in the pregnant women (0.87 ± 1.00 ugFEU/ml) than in controls (0.31 ± 0.22 ugFEU/ml) with 42% of the pregnant population having elevated concentration while the mean PT, INR and HCT were significantly higher in controls than the subjects (p<0.05).Furthermore, the HCT, platelet, PT and INR were observed to be highest at first trimester; 36.04±5.09 (L/L), 182.72±35.11 (x109/L), 11.80±1.86 (seconds) and 0.35±0.15 respectively, decreasing across the second and the third trimester. On the other hand, the D-dimer and APTT increased exponentially from the first trimester; 0.42±0.18 (ugFEU/ml) and 30.80±3.30 (seconds), through the second and third trimesters respectively (p>0.05). Conclusion: This study shows a significant increase in D-dimer in the pregnant subjects when compared with the control and an exponential increase in the third trimester, also a significant reduction in some other baseline coagulation profile hence depicting D-dimer as a notable significant marker of coagulation and fibrinolysis. This therefore emphasizes the hypercoagulable state of pregnancy and a need for adequate monitoring.

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Elevation in D-dimer concentrations is positively correlated with gestation in normal uncomplicated pregnancy

Cited by 13 publications

References 13 publications

Venous Thrombosis could be Gender Specific, Women Beware!

Venous Thrombosis could be Gender Specific, Women Beware!

Evaluation of Plasma D-Dimer Concentration Among Normal and Complicated Pregnancies, Saudi Arabia

Assessment of D-Dimer Levels in Southwestern Nigerian Pregnant Women

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