Elevation easier than plan for sighted and early-blind adults in a perspective-taking task

Chao, Hsin-Yi; Kennedy, John M.; Wnuczko, Marta

doi:10.3758/s13414-013-0469-2

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…They might originate from a Cyclopean eye. We speculate that many other origins can be chosen, some more readily than others, as in the Piaget threemountain task, where perspectives from the opposite side of a table and to the side of the table are envisaged but some are harder to use than one's own view (Chao et al, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the Piaget three-mountain task observers are asked to make a picture of 3 objects on a tabletop from each of the 4 sides of the table. On this task blindfolded-sighted and blind adults perform at fairly similar levels (Chao, Kennedy, & Wnuczko, 2013;Heller & Kennedy, 1990). However, the pictures do not need to show target elevation and azimuth changing simultaneously.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…What is not sure is how these spatial abilities of the blind and sighted relate to target elevation as azimuth changes. If map and azimuth skills transfer readily to elevation tasksand since Chao et al (2013) reported blind and blindfolded adults responded similarly when picturing the Piaget three-mountain stimuli, whether from the side or from above, Loomis et al (1992) found blind and blindfolded observers behaving similarly on azimuth pointing tasks, and Loomis et al (2001) found that the blind and blindfolded-sighted do not differ on path-integration tasks-little or no difference between the blindfolded and the blind might be predicted. Alternatively, it might be argued that only vision is inherently exposed to elevation and azimuth angles, and their changes are virtually nonstop.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Pointing to Azimuths and Elevations of Targets: Blind and Blindfolded-Sighted

Wnuczko

Kennedy

2014

Perception

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Three groups of observers pointed to target circles in a path on the ground, in two parallel rows. Participants in one group viewed the circles and then pointed blindfolded. Those in a second group were blindfolded and then touched the circles with a stick while walking past them. Volunteers in the third group were blind adults, a diverse group, who also used a stick to detect the circles. For all three groups, as distance to the circles increased, pointing azimuths shrank and elevations increased. We suggest that directions to targets on major environmental surfaces may be appreciated similarly by the blind and sighted. We challenge the assumption that the principle of convergence to the horizon, available through vision because of the way in which visual angle decreases on the retina, is not available through touch.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pointing to Azimuths and Elevations of Targets: Blind and Blindfolded-Sighted

Wnuczko

Kennedy

2014

Perception

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“…The guitar player in Figure 2 is full face, that is, he is shown from a vantage point in front. Use of a vantage point is natural in touch since we reach out from a tactile vantage point, just as we look out from a visual vantage point (Chao, Kennedy, & Wnuczko, 2013; Eardley & Van Velzen, 2011; Hopkins, 1998). Indeed, as objects recede from our vantage point, they subtend smaller angles in touch as in vision.…”

Section: Line and Surface Edges In Ew Drawingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tactile drawing aesthetics and a blind woman’s drawings of sounds

Kennedy

2014

British Journal of Visual Impairment

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This article makes four points. First, in making raised, tangible outline pictures, blind people can invent sophisticated treatments for topics they select themselves. Second, their drawings can be realistic. Third, they can also be metaphoric, in showing sounds for example. Fourth, their outline drawings use line for surface edges, and they incorporate aspects of perspective such as profiles. These points are illustrated by three drawings by EW, a blind woman. They are sketches of a couple waltzing, a guitar player, and a samba band. The account of line and profiles given here for the blind, this article argues, applies also to Palaeolithic art, as in Herzog’s ‘Cave of forgotten dreams’ and Cook’s ‘Ice age art: the arrival of the modern mind’.

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“…Elevations such as Figure 2's have been used to test adults who are visually impaired (Heller & Kennedy, 1990; Ruggiero et al, 2012; Chao et al, 2013). Would adding impossibles to the response options provide difficulty to sighted or blindfolded adults, or adults who are early- or late-blind?…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Piaget's 3-mountains task with impossible options: Sighted, blindfolded, early and late blind participants

2023

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In Piaget's 3-mountains task, 3D objects – a cube, cone and sphere – sit on a square tabletop. They are portrayed in 2D pictures as elevations (projections to the sides) such as one with a square on the left, a triangle in the middle and a circle on the right. Three objects offer six elevations, of which four are possible and two impossible. The possibles are elevations from the sides of the table – front, left, right and rear. In the impossibles, an object in the corner of the table is shown in the middle of an elevation. Sighted, sighted-blindfolded, early- and late-blind adults judged the elevations as to side of the table or impossible. The results suggest similar spatial abilities across groups. The impossible options had mid-range accuracy for all groups, with reaction times like possible options. The sighted and blind participants may consider possible and impossible options sequentially, one item at a time.

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Elevation easier than plan for sighted and early-blind adults in a perspective-taking task

Cited by 3 publications

References 31 publications

Pointing to Azimuths and Elevations of Targets: Blind and Blindfolded-Sighted

Pointing to Azimuths and Elevations of Targets: Blind and Blindfolded-Sighted

Tactile drawing aesthetics and a blind woman’s drawings of sounds

Piaget's 3-mountains task with impossible options: Sighted, blindfolded, early and late blind participants

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