Elevated Undercarboxylated and Reduced Carboxylated Osteocalcin are Associated with Metabolic Syndrome in Middle Age Asian Females

Liu, J.-J.; Toy, Wan Ching; Wong, Melvin D.S.; Tan, Clara; Tavintharan, S.; Wong, Moh Sim; Sum, Chee Fang; Lim, Shimin

doi:10.1055/s-0033-1334883

Cited by 16 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…While some studies found that undercarboxylated osteocalcin was correlated to energy metabolism, some did not 28. In one recent study in a female population, both carboxylated and undercarboxylated osteocalcin were associated with metabolic syndrome but the direction between the two associations was different 29. This study, as most of the other studies 11, 14, 15, 23, measured the total OC and did not differentiate the two forms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Serum Osteocalcin Is Significantly Related to Indices of Obesity and Lipid Profile in Malaysian Men

Chin¹,

Ima‐Nirwana²,

Mohamed³

et al. 2014

Int. J. Med. Sci.

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Background and aim: Recent studies revealed a possible reciprocal relationship between the skeletal system and obesity and lipid metabolism, mediated by osteocalcin, an osteoblast-specific protein. This study aimed to validate the relationship between serum osteocalcin and indices of obesity and lipid parameters in a group of Malaysian men.Methods: A total of 373 men from the Malaysian Aging Male Study were included in the analysis. Data on subjects' demography, body mass index (BMI), body fat (BF) mass, waist circumference (WC), serum osteocalcin and fasting lipid levels were collected. Bioelectrical impendence (BIA) method was used to estimate BF. Multiple linear and binary logistic regression analyses were performed to analyze the association between serum osteocalcin and the aforementioned variables, with adjustment for age, ethnicity and BMI.Results: Multiple regression results indicated that weight, BMI, BF mass, BF %, WC were significantly and negatively associated with serum osteocalcin (p < 0.001). There was a significant positive association between serum osteocalcin and high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (p = 0.032). Binary logistic results indicated that subjects with low serum osteocalcin level were more likely to be associated with high BMI (obese and overweight), high BF%, high WC and low HDL cholesterol (p < 0.05). Subjects with high osteocalcin level also demonstrated high total cholesterol level (p < 0.05) but this association was probably driven by high HDL level. These variables were not associated with serum C-terminal of telopeptide crosslinks in the subjects (p > 0.05).Conclusion: Serum osteocalcin is associated with indices of obesity and HDL level in men. These relationships should be validated by a longitudinal study, with comprehensive hormone profile testing.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Serum Osteocalcin Is Significantly Related to Indices of Obesity and Lipid Profile in Malaysian Men

Chin¹,

Ima‐Nirwana²,

Mohamed³

et al. 2014

Int. J. Med. Sci.

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“…Although some studies have linked ucOC levels to the risk of MetS through its relationship with individual cardiovascular risk factors 18,[40][41][42] ; to date, no studies evaluating the role of circulating ucOC as estimator of generalised cardiovascular risk in MetS patients are available. Our results show that ucOC serum levels could be an important estimator affecting cardiovascular risk expressed as CV-ZS, after adjusting by lifestyle and medication-related variables, only in those MetS patients who do not meet T2D criteria.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circulating Undercarboxylated Osteocalcin as Estimator of Cardiovascular and Type 2 Diabetes Risk in Metabolic Syndrome Patients

Riquelme-Gallego

García-Molina

Cano-Ibáñez

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Undercarboxylated osteocalcin (ucoc) could be a biomarker of glucose disturbances and cardiovascular risk. our study aimed to determine the association between serum levels of ucoc and cardiovascular risk in metabolic syndrome (MetS) patients and to analyse its potential role as estimator of type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk in this population. This cross-sectional study included 235 patients with MetS, 53.2% women, aged 55-75 years. Circulating ucOC levels were measured by ELISA. Cardiovascular risk was determined as Z-score of the diagnostic criteria for MetS (CV-ZS). Linear regression model was performed to analyse the association between circulating ucoc and cV-ZS. A receiver operating curve (ROC) was performed to analyse the usefulness of ucOC as T2D risk estimator. Patients above the CV-ZS median showed significant lower ucOC levels. We found an inverse association between ucOC levels and CV-ZS in MetS patients without T2D. Patients with ucOC levels below the 25 th percentile showed worse cardiometabolic profile and higher cardiovascular and T2D risk. The area under the curve performed better when ucOC levels were included along with the classic T2D risk factors. The measurement of circulating ucOC could be a useful tool to identify increased cardiovascular and T2D risk in MetS patients without T2D. Current lifestyle is causing a remarkable increase in overweight up to epidemic numbers globally 1. In Spain, over 60% of the adult population is overweight or obese 2. According to this trend, an increase of 16% in the number of cases is estimated by 2030 associated with a 58% increase in direct healthcare costs 3. A large body of evidence has shown that all-cause mortality, and especially cardiovascular-related mortality, is associated with an increased central adiposity and overweight 4. Visceral obesity in conjunction with other disorders, such as dyslipidaemia, hypertension and fasting hyperglycaemia lead to the metabolic syndrome (MetS), conferring thus a larger risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) 5. An association between osteoporosis, CVD and cardiovascular-related mortality has been reported 6,7. The common risk factors involved in bone fragility and CVD could partially explain this association. Therefore, the

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“…A previous study showed that only the undercarboxylated part of serum OC was involved in the process of vascular calcification [ 21 ]. Recent studies suggested that uOC could serve as a novel biomarker for carotid atherosclerosis in patients with hypertension or metabolic syndrome [ 7 , 8 ]. The present study also demonstrated that uOC level was lower in CKD patients with carotid plaques and that uOC level inversely correlated with IMT, indicating that uOC might play a critical role in preventing carotid atherosclerosis and CVD in non-dialysis CKD patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Circulating total osteocalcin (tOC) is comprised of two major forms of OC, undercarboxylated osteocalcin (uOC) and carboxylated osteocalcin (cOC). Recent studies on patients with hypertension and metabolic syndromes have shown that uOC is closely associated with the development of CVD [ 7 , 8 ]. Alfadda et al measured the levels of all three forms of OC in patients with type 2 diabetes, and found that uOC was a better predictor of CVD risk in these patients than tOC [ 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Undercarboxylated osteocalcin as a biomarker of subclinical atherosclerosis in non-dialysis patients with chronic kidney disease

Zhang

Zhou

et al. 2015

J Biomed Sci

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BackgroundStudies in recent years have shown that undercarboxylated osteocalcin (uOC) not only maintains bone mineralization, but is also involved in the regulation of atherosclerosis. However, a correlation between uOC and carotid atherosclerosis in non-dialysis patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) has not been investigated.A total of 240 non-dialysis patients with CKD were included in the study. For these patients, the median estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was 20.05 (12.43–49.32) ml/min/1.73m2. Serum uOC levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Carotid ultrasonography was performed to assess carotid atherosclerotic plaques and intima–media thickness (IMT) in an attempt to analyze the relationship between uOC level and carotid atherosclerosis.ResultsThe uOC levels of non-dialysis patients with CKD were significantly lower than those of healthy controls [28.16 (21.40–45.85) ng/mL vs. 36.42 (28.05–49.28) ng/mL, P < 0.01]. The uOC levels gradually decreased as CKD progressed (P < 0.01). The uOC levels were significantly lower in patients with carotid plaques than in patients without carotid plaques [25.98 (20.14–31.35) ng/mL vs. 31.02 (25.86–36.40) ng/mL, P < 0.01]. uOC level showed significant negative correlation with IMT (r = -0.33, P < 0.01). Logistic regression analysis revealed that after adjustment for various confounding factors, decreased uOC levels were shown to indicate increased possibility of carotid atherosclerotic plaque development in non-dialysis patients with CKD (on every 1 SD decrease in the uOC level, odds ratio 1.70, 95 % confidence interval 1.24–2.98, P < 0.01). Multivariate stepwise regression analysis demonstrated that decreased uOC level (β = -0.163, P < 0.05) was an independent risk factor for increased carotid IMT in non-dialysis patients with CKD.ConclusionSerum uOC levels in non-dialysis patients with CKD are significantly lower than those in healthy individuals, and uOC is closely associated with subclinical atherosclerosis in CKD patients.

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Elevated Undercarboxylated and Reduced Carboxylated Osteocalcin are Associated with Metabolic Syndrome in Middle Age Asian Females

Cited by 16 publications

References 5 publications

Serum Osteocalcin Is Significantly Related to Indices of Obesity and Lipid Profile in Malaysian Men

Serum Osteocalcin Is Significantly Related to Indices of Obesity and Lipid Profile in Malaysian Men

Circulating Undercarboxylated Osteocalcin as Estimator of Cardiovascular and Type 2 Diabetes Risk in Metabolic Syndrome Patients

Undercarboxylated osteocalcin as a biomarker of subclinical atherosclerosis in non-dialysis patients with chronic kidney disease

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