Elevated temperature plastic anisotropy of Ti-6AI-4V plate

Data-driven texture design for nearly-isotropic elastic and plastic properties in titanium-based materials

“…Similarly, let S x (x x x), S y (x x x), and S z (x x x) denote the flow stresses of a single crystal in the x, y, and z axis, respectively, at a given strain. We can calculate the overall flow stresses S a , a ∈ {x, y, z} of the polycrystal as in (1) and formulate the problem of plastically isotropic design as the minimization of I (S x , S y , S z ). As our approach applies to both elastic and plastic regimes, we avoid introducing duplicate equations by coining the term "property" to refer to either the Young's modulus E a or the flow stress S a and denote it as P a ∈ {E a , S a }.…”

“…Intuitively, it is probable that an ODF with exactly three, equally weighted, non-zero nodes, each one corresponding to the single crystal that maximizes P s along the x, y, or z axis, will give rise to a texture that is isotropic with respect to that property. Formally, we define this ODF as π π π = 1 3 ∑ a∈{x,y,z} e e e j p a , where j p a = argmax j∈[d] θ p a,j . As this ODF is sparse, it is an appropriate baseline for our optimized sparse ODFs and hence more relevant to the analysis in Fig.…”

“…Hexagonal close packed (HCP) metals, particularly titanium-based materials, are continually being researched and designed for high-performance applications, thanks to their superior properties such as, high specific-strength, enhanced corrosion resistance, and biocompatibility. However, mechanical anisotropy, or directionality in material properties, reduces the overall ductility of these materials and their formability into complex structural components, and hence complicates their manufacturing processes 1,2 . Both elastic and plastic anisotropy in titanium-based materials originate from the inherent low symmetry in their HCP crystal structure.…”