Elevated resting heart rate as a predictor of inflammation and cardiovascular risk in healthy obese individuals

Al-Rashed, Fatema; Sindhu, Sardar; Madhoun, Ashraf Al; Ahmad, Zunair; AlMekhled, Dawood; Azim, Rafaat; Al-Kandari, Sarah; Wahid, Maziad Al-Abdul; Al-Mulla, Fahd; Ahmad, Rasheed

doi:10.1038/s41598-021-93449-5

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 71 publications

(68 reference statements)

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“…First, the study was conducted on relatively young and healthy patients who underwent numerous types of lower extremity surgeries. However, since resting HR tends to be slow in young and healthy populations, [38,39] the strength of this study was the co-administration of an NCD, which prevented DEX-induced bradycardia. In addition, when only lower extremity surgery was included, the surgical position, method of anesthesia, and hemodynamic changes were relatively consistent.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect on vital signs of concomitant administration of nicardipine and dexmedetomidine sedation after spinal anesthesia: A double-blind, randomized controlled trial

et al. 2023

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Background: We evaluated heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP) trends when nicardipine (NCD) was co-administered during dexmedetomidine (DEX) sedation after spinal anesthesia. Methods: Sixty patients aged 19 to 65 were randomly assigned to the DEX or DEX-NCD groups. Five minutes after infusion of the loading dose of DEX, the NCD was administered intravenously at a rate of 5 μg/kg for 5 minutes in the DEX-NCD group. The study starting point was set at 0 minute when the DEX loading dose was initiated. The primary outcomes were the differences in HR and BP between the 2 groups during the study drug administration. Secondary outcomes included the number of patients whose HR was < 50 beats per minute (bpm) after the DEX loading dose infusion, and associated factors were evaluated. The incidence of hypotension in the postanesthesia care unit, postanesthesia care unit length of stay, postoperative nausea and vomiting, postoperative urinary retention, time to first urination after spinal anesthesia, acute kidney injury, and postoperative hospital length of stay were evaluated. Results: The HR was significantly higher at 14 minutes, and the mean BP was significantly lower at 10 minutes in the DEX-NCD group than in the DEX group. The number of patients with an HR < 50 bpm during surgery was significantly higher in the DEX group than in the DEX-NCD group at 12, 16, 24, 26, and 30 minutes. The DEX group and a low initial HR were independently associated with the occurrence of an HR < 50 bpm after DEX loading dose infusion. Postoperative outcomes were not significantly different between the 2 groups. Conclusions: Simultaneous administration of NCD during the administration of a loading dose of DEX prevented severe bradycardia. Co-administration of NCD may be considered in patients with a low initial HR when severe bradycardia is expected during the DEX loading dose infusion. NCD and DEX may be safely infused simultaneously without affecting postoperative complications (see Figure S1, Supplemental Digital Content, http://links.lww.com/MD/J241, Graphical abstract).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect on vital signs of concomitant administration of nicardipine and dexmedetomidine sedation after spinal anesthesia: A double-blind, randomized controlled trial

et al. 2023

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“…Chronic and excessive consumption of a high‐calorie diet is believed to increase sympathetic tone [27]. Our previous studies demonstrated that CBS suppressed the activation of the SNS, decreased plasma NE concentration, and increased plasma ACH concentration in rats with HFD‐induced obesity [25].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carotid baroreceptor stimulation prevents oxidative stress by inhibiting MAO‐A and prevents cardiac remodeling in obese rats

Dai

et al. 2023

Obesity

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Objective Sympathetic nervous system overactivation and abnormal lipid metabolism are featured in obesity and may lead to cardiac remodeling. The effects of carotid baroreceptor stimulation (CBS) on cardiac remodeling in obese rats and the underlying mechanisms were explored. Methods An obesity model was induced by 16‐week high‐fat diet feeding. A CBS device was implanted at the 8th week. Body weight and blood pressure measurements, electrocardiography, echocardiography, and glucose and insulin tolerance tests were conducted before sampling. Plasma analysis and histological and biological analyses of left ventricle were also performed. Neonatal rat cardiomyocytes cocultured with 3T3‐L1 in transwell chambers were used to investigate the mechanisms. Results CBS alleviated several manifestations of obesity, including increased body weight, high blood pressure, hyperlipidemia, and enhanced sympathetic activity. In obese hearts, norepinephrine levels decreased, and the monoamine oxidase A (MAO‐A) and reactive oxygen species level increased; these changes, as well as cardiac fibrosis, lipid metabolic disorders, and heart dysfunction, were inhibited by CBS. Neonatal rat cardiomyocytes incubated with norepinephrine showed MAO‐A upregulation, increased reactive oxygen species levels, lipid metabolic disorders, and inflammatory response, which were inhibited by clorgyline, a selective MAO‐A inhibitor. Conclusions CBS effectively suppresses sympathetic nervous system activity and oxidative stress mediated by MAO‐A and prevents cardiac remodeling in obese rats.

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“…Spearman correlation and multivariable regression analysis were performed to determine associations between different variables. As has been previously described [ 44 , 46 ], in all analyses, a p < 0.05 was considered significant. Standard multivariable linear regression by the Enter method was used; variables that significantly correlated with dectin-1 were selected as predictor variables and were entered simultaneously to generate the model.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dectin-1 as a Potential Inflammatory Biomarker for Metabolic Inflammation in Adipose Tissue of Individuals with Obesity

Madhoun

Kochumon

Al-Rashed

et al. 2022

Cells

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In obesity, macrophage activation and infiltration in adipose tissue (AT) underlie chronic low-grade inflammation-induced insulin resistance. Although dectin-1 is primarily a pathogen recognition receptor and innate immune response modulator, its role in metabolic syndromes remains to be clarified. This study aimed to investigate the dectin-1 gene expression in subcutaneous AT in the context of obesity and associated inflammatory markers. Subcutaneous AT biopsies were collected from 59 nondiabetic (lean/overweight/obese) individuals. AT gene expression levels of dectin-1 and inflammatory markers were determined via real-time reverse transcriptase-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Dectin-1 protein expression was assessed using immunohistochemistry. Plasma lipid profiles were measured by ELISA. AT dectin-1 transcripts and proteins were significantly elevated in obese as compared to lean individuals. AT dectin-1 transcripts correlated positively with body mass index and fat percentage (r ≥ 0.340, p ≤ 0.017). AT dectin-1 RNA levels correlated positively with clinical parameters, including plasma C-reactive protein and CCL5/RANTES, but negatively with that of adiponectin. The expression of dectin-1 transcripts was associated with that of various proinflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and their cognate receptors (r ≥ 0.300, p ≤ 0.05), but not with anti-inflammatory markers. Dectin-1 and members of the TLR signaling cascade were found to be significantly associated, suggesting an interplay between the two pathways. Dectin-1 expression was correlated with monocyte/macrophage markers, including CD16 , CD68 , CD86 , and CD163 , suggesting its monocytes/macrophage association in an adipose inflammatory microenvironment. Dectin-1 expression was independently predicted by CCR5 , CCL20 , TLR2 , and MyD88 . In conclusion, dectin-1 may be regarded as an AT biomarker of metabolic inflammation in obesity.

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Elevated resting heart rate as a predictor of inflammation and cardiovascular risk in healthy obese individuals

Cited by 13 publications

References 71 publications

The effect on vital signs of concomitant administration of nicardipine and dexmedetomidine sedation after spinal anesthesia: A double-blind, randomized controlled trial

The effect on vital signs of concomitant administration of nicardipine and dexmedetomidine sedation after spinal anesthesia: A double-blind, randomized controlled trial

Carotid baroreceptor stimulation prevents oxidative stress by inhibiting MAO‐A and prevents cardiac remodeling in obese rats

Dectin-1 as a Potential Inflammatory Biomarker for Metabolic Inflammation in Adipose Tissue of Individuals with Obesity

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