Elevated Pulse Wave Velocity Increases the Odds of Coronary Calcification in Overweight Postmenopausal Women

Venkitachalam, Lakshmi; Mackey, Rachel H.; Sutton-Tyrrell, Kim; Patel, Ami; Boraz, Miriam A.; Simkin‐Silverman, Laurey R.; Kuller, Lewis H.

doi:10.1016/j.amjhyper.2006.11.006

Cited by 34 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…26 Accordingly, baPWV and cfPWV are correlated similarly with cardiovascular disease risk factors and clinical events. 27 We have reported stronger associations of coronary artery calcification 28 and weight loss/insulin reductions 20 with baPWV than cfPWV. In the present study and others, 20 cfPWV had twice the variance of baPWV, which could explain the lack of association between cfPWV and Ab status; however, it does not explain why cfPWV was more strongly related with WMHv.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulse wave velocity is associated with β-amyloid deposition in the brains of very elderly adults

et al. 2013

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Objective: To determine arterial stiffness and b-amyloid (Ab) deposition in the brain of dementiafree older adults. Methods:We studied a cohort of 91 dementia-free participants aged 83-96 years. In 2009, participants completed brain MRI and PET imaging using Pittsburgh compound B (PiB; a marker of amyloid plaques in human brain). In 2011, we measured resting blood pressure (BP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and arterial stiffness by pulse wave velocity (PWV) in the central, peripheral, and mixed (e.g., brachial ankle PWV [baPWV]) vascular beds, using a noninvasive and automated waveform analyzer.Results: A total of 44/91 subjects were Ab-positive on PET scan. Ab deposition was associated with mixed PWV, systolic BP, and MAP. One SD increase in baPWV resulted in a 2-fold increase in the odds of being Ab-positive (p 5 0.007). High white matter hyperintensity (WMH) burden was associated with increased central PWV, systolic BP, and MAP. Compared to Ab-negative individuals with low WMH burden, each SD increase in PWV was associated with a 2-fold to 4-fold increase in the odds of being Ab-positive and having high WMH.Conclusions: Arterial stiffness was associated with Ab plaque deposition in the brain, independent of BP and APOE e4 allele. The associations differed by type of brain abnormality and vascular bed measured (e.g., WMH with central stiffness and Ab deposition and mixed stiffness). Arterial stiffness was highest in individuals with both high Ab deposition and WMH, which has been suggested to be a "double hit" contributing to the development of symptomatic dementia. Neurology ® 2013;81:1711-1718 GLOSSARY Ab 5 b-amyloid; AD 5 Alzheimer disease; baPWV 5 brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity; BMI 5 body mass index; BP 5 blood pressure; cfPWV 5 carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity; CI 5 confidence interval; DBP 5 diastolic blood pressure; faPWV 5 femoral-ankle pulse wave velocity; GEMS 5 Ginkgo Evaluation of Memory Study; hfPWV 5 heart-femoral pulse wave velocity; ICC 5 intraclass correlation coefficients; MAP 5 mean arterial pressure; MCI 5 mild cognitive impairment; OR 5 odds ratio; PiB 5 Pittsburgh compound B; PWV 5 pulse wave velocity; SBP 5 systolic blood pressure; WMH 5 white matter hyperintensities; WMHv 5 white matter hyperintensities volume.Hypertension is linked to cognitive impairment and the pathologic features of Alzheimer disease (AD), including neurofibrillary tangles and b-amyloid (Ab) plaques, 1 as well as small-vessel disease and white matter hyperintensities (WMH) in the brain.2 Arterial stiffness appears to play a major role in the relationship between hypertension and its consequences in the brain; mounting evidence implicates arterial stiffness in the pathogenesis of impaired cognitive function and dementia in the elderly. 4 Except for APOE e4 genotype and aging, the risk factors and determinants of Ab deposition in brain are poorly understood.Recent studies show that blood pressure (BP) is associated with brain Ab deposition as measured by PiB-PET 5,6 ; thus, arterial stiffness may pla...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulse wave velocity is associated with β-amyloid deposition in the brains of very elderly adults

et al. 2013

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“…20 Previous studies have also shown that, compared with cfPWV, baPWV is more strongly related to cardiovascular risk factors and displays stronger associations with the presence of coronary calcium and left ventricular mass. 34,36,37 BaPWV is particularly attractive for preventive screening, as it is not time consuming to measure, does not involve manipulation of the femoral artery area, and has good reproducibility without requiring a highly skilled technician.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Independent and Joint Effect of Brachial-Ankle Pulse Wave Velocity and Blood Pressure Control on Incident Stroke in Hypertensive Adults

Song

et al. 2016

Hypertension

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Stroke Association's updated guidelines on the primary prevention of stroke, treatment of hypertension is among the most effective strategies for preventing both ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. 4 Little is known, however, about the role of pulse wave velocity (PWV), a marker of arterial stiffness, in the primary prevention of stroke. There is a growing recognition that PWV may affect blood pressure (BP) and the response to antihypertension treatment. Large arterial stiffness and wave-reflection intensity have both been associated with Abstract-Pulse wave velocity (PWV) has been shown to influence the effects of antihypertensive drugs in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases. Data are limited on whether PWV is an independent predictor of stroke above and beyond hypertension control. This longitudinal analysis examined the independent and joint effect of brachial-ankle PWV (baPWV) with hypertension control on the risk of first stroke. This report included 3310 hypertensive adults, a subset of the China Stroke Primary Prevention Trial (CSPPT) with baseline measurements for baPWV. During a median follow-up of 4.5 years, 111 participants developed first stroke. The risk of stroke was higher among participants with baPWV in the highest quartile than among those in the lower quartiles (6.3% versus 2.4%; hazard ratio, 1.66; 95% confidence interval, 1.06-2.60). Similarly, the participants with inadequate hypertension control had a higher risk of stroke than those with adequate control (5.1% versus 1.8%; hazard ratio, 2.32; 95% confidence interval, 1.49-3.61). When baPWV and hypertension control were examined jointly, participants in the highest baPWV quartile and with inadequate hypertension control had the highest risk of stroke compared with their counterparts (7.5% versus 1.3%; hazard ratio, 3.57; 95% confidence interval, 1.88-6.77). There was a significant and independent effect of high baPWV on stroke as shown among participants with adequate hypertension control (4.2% versus 1.3%; hazard ratio, 2.29, 95% confidence interval, 1.09-4.81). In summary, among hypertensive patients, baPWV and hypertension control were found to independently and jointly affect the risk of first stroke. Participants with high baPWV and inadequate hypertension control had the highest risk of stroke compared with other groups.

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“…High baPWV is observed in aged populations [12,13] and in patients with hypertension [13], diabetes [14], chronic kidney disease [15], and metabolic syndrome [16]. Additionally, baPWV is associated with left ventricular hypertrophy [9], severity of coronary calcification [17], and carotid atherosclerosis [18]. …”

Section: ‘Bapwv Has No Research To Indicate Its Clinical Utility'mentioning

confidence: 99%

Brachial-Ankle Pulse Wave Velocity: Myths, Misconceptions, and Realities

Sugawara

Tanaka

2015

Pulse

178

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A variety of techniques to evaluate central arterial stiffness have been developed and introduced. None of these techniques, however, have been implemented widely in regular clinical settings, except for brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV). The most prominent procedural advantage of baPWV is its ease of use, since it only requires the wrapping of blood pressure cuffs on the 4 extremities. There is mounting evidence indicating the ability of baPWV to predict the risk of future cardiovascular events and total mortality. Additionally, the guidelines for the management of hypertension in Japan recommended the measurement of baPWV be included in the assessment of subclinical target organ damage. However, baPWV has not been fully accepted worldwide due to perceived theoretical and methodological issues. In this review, we address the most frequently mentioned questions and concerns regarding baPWV to shed some light on this simple and easy arterial stiffness measurement.

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Elevated Pulse Wave Velocity Increases the Odds of Coronary Calcification in Overweight Postmenopausal Women

Cited by 34 publications

References 24 publications

Pulse wave velocity is associated with β-amyloid deposition in the brains of very elderly adults

Pulse wave velocity is associated with β-amyloid deposition in the brains of very elderly adults

Independent and Joint Effect of Brachial-Ankle Pulse Wave Velocity and Blood Pressure Control on Incident Stroke in Hypertensive Adults

Brachial-Ankle Pulse Wave Velocity: Myths, Misconceptions, and Realities

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