Elevated plasma zonulin and CAF22 are correlated with sarcopenia and functional dependency at various stages of Alzheimer’s diseases

Karim, Asima; Iqbal, Meesha; Muhammad, Tahir; Ahmad, Firdos; Qaisar, Rizwan

doi:10.1016/j.neures.2022.08.004

Cited by 23 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…However, we did not nd any difference in the concentration of CAF between the sarcopenic group and the non-sarcopenic group. In the current study, we reported that CAF had a signi cant negative correlation with handgrip strength, which was supported by a cross-sectional study that reported individuals with low grip strength displayed signi cantly higher CAF levels compared to healthy controls, especially in males (49).In addition, consistent with our results, several studies showed a strong association between CAF and handgrip strength (50)(51)(52).But our ndings contradicts an observation that had no association between CAF with handgrip strength (53).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Increased serum level of IL-1β is associated with sarcopenia in elderly people

Shen

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background Sarcopenia is characterized by a decline in muscle mass, strength and physical performance with age, which can cause many hazards to the elderly. The etiology of sarcopenia is complex and diverse, including chronic inflammation and neuromuscular junction damage. The pathogenesis of sarcopenia is still unclear. This study attempts to identify biomarkers related to sarcopenia from the above two aspects. Methods From March 2019 to March 2020, we conducted a cross-sectional epidemiological survey of 127 elderly patients at Zhejiang Hospital affiliated to Zhejiang University. This study compared demographic data, living habits, nutritional status, disease status, frailty grade and anthropometric data of sarcopenia and non-sarcopenia participants, and measured serum interleukin-6(IL-6), Interleukin-10(IL-10), Interleukin-1β(IL-1β) and C-terminal agrin fragment(CAF) levels using commercial ELISA kits. Results Our study revealed significant differences in age, marital status, coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, nutritional status, frailty, and body mass index(BMI) in the elderly between the sarcopenia and nonsarcopenia groups. IL-1β levels in the sarcopenia group were significantly higher than those in the non-sarcopenia group. Moreover, IL-1β was associated with sarcopenia, low skeletal muscle index (SMI), low grip strength, and and low gait speed. IL-6 was associated with low grip strength, and IL-10 was associated with low grip strength, and and low gait speed. CAF was associated with low grip strength. In multivariate analysis, IL-1β was the independent risk factor for sarcopenia low grip strength and low gait speed, and CAF was the independent risk factors for low grip strength. Conclusion The results of the present study suggest that plasma level of IL-1β maybe a promising biomarker for sarcopenia but further study is needed to comfirm the findings and the physiological role of IL-1β in sarcopenia.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Increased serum level of IL-1β is associated with sarcopenia in elderly people

Shen

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…Each test was given a score ranging from zero (worst performers) to four (best performers), and the cumulative score was used for analysis, as described elsewhere. 5…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These findings compound the age-related muscle loss, termed sarcopenia, 3 which leads to reduced functional capacity and progressively dependent lifestyle. 4,5 Stressors such as pressure overload and myocardial infarction (MI)-induced cardiac remodeling and contractile dysfunction consequently lead to muscle weakness and wasting, reduced aerobic capacity, and reduced capacity to perform activities of daily living. 6,7 An interface between aerobic capacity and severity of CHF is recognized, so that the patients with advanced CHF have reduced aerobic capacity and vice versa.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma Galectin-3 and H-FABP correlate with poor physical performance in patients with congestive heart failure

Ahmad

Karim

Khan

et al. 2023

Exp Biol Med (Maywood)

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Heart failure (HF) is often associated with compromised physical capacity in patients. However, it is unclear if established HF markers correlate with the physical performance of patients with congestive HF (CHF). We assessed the left ventricular end-systolic dimension (LVESD) and ejection fraction (LVEF) and, physical performance parameters, including short physical performance battery (SPPB), gait speed (GS), and handgrip strength (HGS) in 80 patients with CHF along with 59 healthy controls. Furthermore, levels of plasma HF markers galectin-3 and heart-specific fatty acid binding protein (H-FABP) were measured in relation to the severity of HF and physical performance. Irrespective of etiology, significantly greater LVESD and lower LVEF were observed in HF patients versus controls. As expected, the levels of HF markers galectin-3 and H-FABP were upregulated in the CHF patients which were accompanied by significantly elevated levels of plasma zonulin and inflammatory marker C-reactive protein (CRP). The SPPB scores, GS, and HGS were significantly lower in the ischemic and non-ischemic HF patients than controls. The level of galectin-3 was inversely correlated with SPPB scores ( r2 = 0.089, P = 0.01) and HGS ( r2 = 0.078, P = 0.01). Similarly, H-FABP levels were also inversely correlated with SPPB scores ( r2 = 0.06, P = 0.03) and HGS ( r2 = 0.109, P = 0.004) in the patients with CHF. Taken together, CHF adversely affects physical performance, and galectin-3 and H-FABP may serve as biomarkers of physical disability in patients with CHF. The robust correlations of galectin-3 and H-FABP with the physical performance parameters and CRP in CHF patients suggest that the poor physical performance may partly be caused due to systemic inflammation.

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“…Similarly, elevated zonulin release has been found in adult patients with CNS diseases, including bipolar disorder [ 166 ], schizophrenia [ 167 ], anxiety, depression [ 73 , 168 ], Alzheimer’s disease [ 169 ], Parkinson’s disease [ 170 ], or sclerosis multiplex [ 171 ]. Most of these studies have shown that zonulin levels are associated with disease progression.…”

Section: Diseases Associated With Altered Zonulin Levelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zonulin as a Potential Therapeutic Target in Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis Disorders: Encouraging Results and Emerging Questions

Veres-Székely

Szász

Pap

et al. 2023

IJMS

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The relationship between dysbiosis and central nervous diseases has been proved in the last 10 years. Microbial alterations cause increased intestinal permeability, and the penetration of bacterial fragment and toxins induces local and systemic inflammatory processes, affecting distant organs, including the brain. Therefore, the integrity of the intestinal epithelial barrier plays a central role in the microbiota–gut–brain axis. In this review, we discuss recent findings on zonulin, an important tight junction regulator of intestinal epithelial cells, which is assumed to play a key role in maintaining of the blood–brain barrier function. In addition to focusing on the effect of microbiome on intestinal zonulin release, we also summarize potential pharmaceutical approaches to modulate zonulin-associated pathways with larazotide acetate and other zonulin receptor agonists or antagonists. The present review also addresses the emerging issues, including the use of misleading nomenclature or the unsolved questions about the exact protein sequence of zonulin.

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Elevated plasma zonulin and CAF22 are correlated with sarcopenia and functional dependency at various stages of Alzheimer’s diseases

Cited by 23 publications

References 32 publications

Increased serum level of IL-1β is associated with sarcopenia in elderly people

Increased serum level of IL-1β is associated with sarcopenia in elderly people

Plasma Galectin-3 and H-FABP correlate with poor physical performance in patients with congestive heart failure

Zonulin as a Potential Therapeutic Target in Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis Disorders: Encouraging Results and Emerging Questions

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