Elevated levels of serum nitrate, a stable end product of nitric oxide, in women with pre‐eclampsia

Smárason, Alexander K.; Allman, Keith G.; Young, John; Redman, Christopher W.G.

doi:10.1111/j.1471-0528.1997.tb11528.x

Cited by 136 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…These contradictory results were confirmed by other authors (36,37). Moreover, divergent results have been obtained by different groups, a fact possibly due to different methods used to quantify nitrites and nitrates and reflecting differences in the populations studied and in the intake of nitrates.…”

Section: Benefits Of Calcium Supplementationmentioning

confidence: 53%

Preeclampsia: from epidemiological observations to molecular mechanisms

López‐Jaramillo

Casas²,

Serrano

2001

Braz J Med Biol Res

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Preeclampsia is the main cause of maternal mortality and is associated with a five-fold increase in perinatal mortality in developing countries. In spite of this, the etiology of preeclampsia is unknown. The present article analyzes the contradictory results of the use of calcium supplementation in the prevention of preeclampsia, and tries to give an explanation of these results. The proposal of an integrative model to explain the clinical manifestations of preeclampsia is discussed. In this proposal we suggest that preeclampsia is caused by nutritional, environmental and genetic factors that lead to the creation of an imbalance between the free radicals nitric oxide, superoxide and peroxynitrate in the vascular endothelium. The adequate interpretation of this model would allow us to understand that the best way of preventing preeclampsia is the establishment of an adequate prenatal control system involving adequate antioxidant vitamin and mineral supplementation, adequate diagnosis and early treatment of asymptomatic urinary and vaginal infections. The role of infection in the genesis of preeclampsia needs to be studied in depth because it may involve a fundamental change in the prevention and treatment of preeclampsia.

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Section: Benefits Of Calcium Supplementationmentioning

confidence: 53%

Preeclampsia: from epidemiological observations to molecular mechanisms

López‐Jaramillo

Casas²,

Serrano

2001

Braz J Med Biol Res

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“…While pregnancy is associated with an increase in NO levels, studies have yielded conflicting results as to whether nitrite/nitrate (NOx; metabolites of NO) levels are increased (Smarason et al, 1997;Shaamash et al, 2000), decreased (Var et al, 2003;Aydin et al, 2004) or unchanged (Davidge et al, 1996;Daniel et al, 1998;Conrad et al, 1999) relative to normotensive pregnancies in pre-clampsia. In addition, asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) levels (an endogenous inhibitor of NOS) are increased in pre-clampsia compared with normotensive pregnancies (Fickling et al, 1993;Savvidou et al, 2003).…”

Section: Pre-eclampsiamentioning

confidence: 99%

PPAR‐γ – a possible drug target for complicated pregnancies

McCarthy

Delany

Kenny

et al. 2013

British J Pharmacology

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Peroxisome proliferator activated receptors (PPARs) are ligand-activated transcription factors expressed in trophoblasts, which regulate both cell differentiation and proliferation. In recent years, evidence has linked PPARs to playing an integral role in pregnancy; specifically, PPAR-b and PPAR-g have been shown to play an integral role in placentation, with PPAR-g additionally serving to regulate trophoblast differentiation. Recent evidence has shown that PPAR-g expression is altered in many complications of pregnancy such as intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), preterm birth, pre-clampsia and gestational diabetes. Thus, at present, accumulating evidence from the literature suggests both a pivotal role for PPAR-g in the progression of a healthy pregnancy and the possibility that PPAR-g may act as a therapeutic target in complicated pregnancies. This review aims to provide a succinct and comprehensive assessment of the role of PPAR-g in normal pregnancy and pregnancy complications, and finally its potential as a therapeutic target in the treatment and/or prevention of adverse pregnancy outcomes. AbbreviationsET-1, endothelin-1; HO-1, heme oxygenase-1; ICAM-1, intercellular adhesion molecule-1; IKK, IkB kinase; RXR, retinoid X receptor; SO, superoxide; TXA2, thromboxane A2; VCAM-1, vascular adhesion molecule-1

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“…Nitrate and nitrite content in the platelets (1 × 10 8 cells/ml HBSS) obtained from patients with migraine and healthy age-matched controls were measured by the modified Griess method (Smarason et al 1997). This method is based on the reduction of nitrate to nitrite by nitrate reductase and measurement of the occurred color in the end of the reaction of nitrite with Griess reagent; nitrite alone was then measured without enzymatic reaction and nitrate was calculated by substraction; the resultant color changes were read at 540 nm; calibration curves were made with sodium nitrite and potassium nitrate standards prepared in deionised water.…”

Section: Nitrite/nitrate Mda and Sh Estimationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased Nitrosative and Oxidative Stress in Platelets of Migraine Patients

Yılmaz

Sürer

İnan

et al. 2007

Tohoku J. Exp. Med.

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The molecular mechanisms of migraine have not been fully clarified yet. Increased nitrosative and oxidative stress may be associated with migraine attacks. Platelets may play an important role in migraine patients and they can reflect the lability of tissues to nitrosative/oxidative stress. In the present study, we aimed to determine the levels of nitrosative and oxidative stress markers in platelets of migraine patients during headache-free and attack periods. A total of 56 subjects (22 migraine without aura, 14 migraine with aura, and 20 age-and sex-matched healthy controls) were included in the study and nitric oxide (NO) metabolites, malondialdehyde (MDA), and thiol (SH) groups were measured in platelets. During migraine attacks, platelet levels of nitrate, nitrite and MDA were significantly higher in migraineurs than these in control subjects ( p = 0.042, p = 0.005 and p = 0.042, respectively). By contrast, during headache-free period, no statistically significant differences were found in the platelet levels of nitrate, nitrite and MDA between migraineurs and controls ( p > 0.05), although the marginal increases were detected in migraineurs. These results suggest that increased biomarkers of nitrosative and oxidative stress in platelets may be important in migraine patients, especially during attacks; increase of NO metabolites in platelets during attacks supports the opinion that NO may play a modulatory role in biological processes particularly by vasodilatation in migraine attacks. Therefore, MDA and NO metabolites may serve as useful markers to show the increased vulnerability to nitrosative and oxidative stress in migraine patients. headache; migraine; nitric oxide; oxidative stress; nitrosative stress

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Elevated levels of serum nitrate, a stable end product of nitric oxide, in women with pre‐eclampsia

Cited by 136 publications

References 36 publications

Preeclampsia: from epidemiological observations to molecular mechanisms

Preeclampsia: from epidemiological observations to molecular mechanisms

PPAR‐γ – a possible drug target for complicated pregnancies

Increased Nitrosative and Oxidative Stress in Platelets of Migraine Patients

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