Elevated levels of protein in urine in adulthood after exposure to the Chinese famine of 1959–61 during gestation and the early postnatal period

Huang, Cheng; Guo, Chaoran; Nichols, C. W.; Chen, Shuo; Martorell, Reynaldo

doi:10.1093/ije/dyu193

Cited by 39 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…Meanwhile, we can also rely on the famine severity across regions to identify the variation of famine exposure in the same birth cohorts. The detailed rationale of using this method to infer the causal effect of famine was explained elsewhere (10) and was broadly used in Chinese famine studies (13,23,25,28) . Logit regression models with the DID estimators were fitted as the following:…”

Section: Analytic Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prenatal malnutrition and adult cognitive impairment: a natural experiment from the 1959–1961 Chinese famine

Liu

Salas

et al. 2018

Br J Nutr

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The current measures of cognitive functioning in adulthood do not indicate a long-term association with prenatal exposure to the Dutch famine. However, whether such association emerges in China is poorly understood. We aimed to investigate the potential effect of prenatal exposure to the 1959-1961 Chinese famine on adult cognitive impairment. We obtained data from the Second National Sample Survey on Disability implemented in thirty-one provinces in 2006, and restricted our analysis to 387 093 individuals born in 1956-1965. Cognitive impairment was defined as intelligence quotient (IQ) score under 70 and IQ of adults was evaluated by the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale - China Revision. Famine severity was defined as excess death rate. The famine impact on adult cognitive impairment was estimated by difference-in-difference models, established by examining the variations of famine exposure across birth cohorts. Results show that compared with adults born in 1956-1958, those who were exposed to Chinese famine during gestation (born in 1959-1961) were at greater risk of cognitive impairment in the total sample. Stratified analyses showed that this effect was evident in males and females, but only in rural, not in urban areas. In conclusion, prenatal exposure to famine had an enduring deleterious effect on risk of cognitive impairment in rural adults.

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Section: Analytic Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prenatal malnutrition and adult cognitive impairment: a natural experiment from the 1959–1961 Chinese famine

Liu

Salas

et al. 2018

Br J Nutr

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“…4,5 The 1959-1961 Chinese Great Famine lasted for 3 years and affected the entire country. 6 It provides an unparalleled opportunity to study the impact of long-term extreme food shortage during different developmental stages on depression risk in late life. Analysis of a nationally representative cohort will improve our understanding of depression risk in a number of ways.…”

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confidence: 99%

Early-life exposure to severe famine and subsequent risk of depressive symptoms in late adulthood: the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study

Miles

Shen

et al. 2018

Br J Psychiatry

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“…The impact of adverse prenatal famine or starvation on late adulthood chronic illness including diabetes, hypertension and CVD has been well articulated in the recent past and supported by evidence [14][15][16]. As it was explained by the Barker hypothesis (1990), an adverse nutrition in early life, including prenatally as measured by birth weight, increased susceptibility to the metabolic syndrome, which includes obesity, diabetes, insulin insensitivity, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia and complications that include coronary heart disease and stroke [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Atypically, common etiologies in low income countries have been documented as diarrheal diseases, HIV infection, low birth weight, malaria and preterm birth [2][3]. Furthermore, data in recent decades also showed correlation between suboptimal kidney health and contextual risk factors such as prenatal unhealthy environment [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, a limited number of longitudinal studies were done to investigate the long term consequence of perinatal famine on the kidney function. Yet, the available studies, conducted among Chines and the Dutch famine survivors reported an increased risk of CKD and or suboptimal kidney functional markers such as protein urea among prenatal famine exposed groups [11][12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Consequences of Exposure to Prenatal Famine on Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate and Risk of Chronic Kidney Disease Among Survivors of the Great Ethiopian Famine (1983-85): A Historical Cohort Study

Abate

Abdulahi

Abdulhay

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: The impact of an adverse prenatal environment such as famine exposure on development of adulthood non communicable chronic illnesses, including diabetes and hypertension has been well articulated in the recent past and supported by evidence. However, there exist a limited number of longitudinal studies on long term consequences of prenatal famine on adulthood kidney function. Hence, we set out to examine whether prenatal exposure to the Ethiopian Great Famine (1983–1985) was associated with changes in estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and risk of developing chronic kidney disease (CKD) during adulthood.Methods: The study was conducted in 219 famine exposed and 222 non exposed cohorts in Raya Kobo district, North Wollo Zone, Northern Ethiopia. Estimated GFR was computed using the CKD Epidemiology Collaboration (The CKD-EPI) equation. CKD was defined as eGFR= <60 mL/min per 1.73 m2. Linear and logistic regression analyses were employed to examine the independent effect of prenatal famine exposure on eGFR and CKD respectively.Results: The mean (SD) serum creatinine of exposed and non-exposed groups were 0.78 (0.2) and 0.75 (0.2) respectively. The mean (SD) eGFR of exposed groups was 107.95 (27.49) while the non-exposed 114.48 (24.81) ml/min. In linear regression, unadjusted model to examine the association between famine exposure and eGFR resulted in a significant negative beta coefficient (β = -0.124: 95% CI: -11.43, -1.64). Adjusting the exposure for outstanding covariates of kidney health, including systolic blood pressure, fasting blood sugar and blood glucose did not alter the inverse relationship (β = -.114 95% CI:-10.84, -1.17). In binary unadjusted logit model, famine exposure resulted in nearly 2.7 times increased odds of developing CKD (OR: 2.68, 95% CI: 1.16, 6.2). The odds remained equivalent after adjusting for systolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose and BMI (OR= 2.61: 95% CI: 1.120, 6.09).Conclusion: prenatal exposure to the Great Ethiopian Famine was associated with decreased eGFR and greater risk of CKD among survivors. These findings may imply that famine in early life may play significant role in the development of kidney dysfunction in adulthood.

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Elevated levels of protein in urine in adulthood after exposure to the Chinese famine of 1959–61 during gestation and the early postnatal period

Abstract: Severe undernutrition during gestation and the early postnatal period may have long-term effects on levels of proteinuria in humans, but the effect sizes may be small.

Cited by 39 publications

References 69 publications

Prenatal malnutrition and adult cognitive impairment: a natural experiment from the 1959–1961 Chinese famine

Prenatal malnutrition and adult cognitive impairment: a natural experiment from the 1959–1961 Chinese famine

Early-life exposure to severe famine and subsequent risk of depressive symptoms in late adulthood: the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study

Consequences of Exposure to Prenatal Famine on Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate and Risk of Chronic Kidney Disease Among Survivors of the Great Ethiopian Famine (1983-85): A Historical Cohort Study

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