Elevated Levels of Oxidized Low Density Lipoprotein Show a Positive Relationship With the Severity of Acute Coronary Syndromes

Ehara, Shoichi; Ueda, Makiko; Naruko, Takahiko; Haze, Kazuo; Itoh, Akira; Otsuka, Masato; Komatsu, Ryushi; Matsuo, Toshihiko; Itabe, Hiroyuki; Takano, Tatsuya; Tsukamoto, Yoshiaki; Yoshiyama, Minoru; Takeuchi, Kazuhide; Yoshikawa, Junichi; Becker, Anton E.

doi:10.1161/01.cir.103.15.1955

Cited by 705 publications

(468 citation statements)

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“…OxLDL induces apoptosis and necrosis of cultured vascular cells. 21 Our results indicated that the localization of oxLDLpositive cells resembled that of single-stranded DNA-positive cells and was consistent with that of foam cells over the natural course of human atherosclerosis. By immunohistochemistry, most of the apoptotic macrophages were also demonstrated in the region where many foam cells were present around the lipid core, and this distribution pattern well corresponded with that of oxLDL-positive cells.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

“…19 In 1994, Itabe et al 20 raised a monoclonal antibody directed against oxLDL (FOH1a/DLH3) to investigate whether oxLDL was synthesized in foam cells in vitro and in vivo. [20][21][22][23] Despite the close relationship between the level of oxLDL expression and the induction of apoptosis, there have been only a few studies in vivo on the role of oxLDL in the apoptosis of intimal cells. 9,11 Furthermore, the difference in distribution of apoptosis between smooth muscle cells and macrophages has not yet been examined with respect to atherosclerosis.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Role of macrophage and smooth muscle cell apoptosis in association with oxidized low-density lipoprotein in the atherosclerotic development

et al. 2005

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To examine the role of the apoptosis of macrophages and smooth muscle cells in the development of atherosclerosis, human aortic tissues with intimal lesions were immunostained with antibodies against terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL), single-stranded DNA (clone F7-26), and active caspase-3. Apoptotic cells were detected in the intima using both TUNEL and singlestranded DNA, however, the latter method was the more sensitive one for detecting apoptotic cells in the early stages of atherosclerosis. The number of apoptotic cells increased as the disease progressed. It implies that the apoptosis of intimal cells is involved in the formation of atherosclerotic lesions. In addition, quantitative analyses of the cell types undergoing apoptosis using double-immunostaining revealed that the susceptibility of macrophages and smooth muscle cells to apoptosis was greater specifically in atheroma than in the other atherosclerotic lesions, and macrophages were more susceptible to apoptosis than smooth muscle cells. The frequency and spatial distribution of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) (FOH1a/DLH3)-positive cells were examined by immunohistochemistry, and the results resembled those of apoptotic cells. The number of oxLDLpositive cells in the intima significantly correlated with the susceptibility of smooth muscle cells, but not with that of macrophages, to apoptosis. These results suggest that oxLDL affects the apoptosis of smooth muscle cells during the atherosclerotic development.

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confidence: 80%

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Role of macrophage and smooth muscle cell apoptosis in association with oxidized low-density lipoprotein in the atherosclerotic development

et al. 2005

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“…4 Elevated level of LDL signifies the severity of acute coronary syndromes. 5 High levels of serum LDL are seen in our study also. Increased exposure to cigarette smoke was significantly related to carotid artery thickening.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

The Role of Coronary Angiography in Assesing the Clinical Severity of Coronary Artery Disease

Dhananjayan

Kumari

2012

Int J of Biomed & Adv Res

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Introduction : We can presume that risk factors are predictive of the degree of anatomical impairment on coronary angiography in coronary artery disease. In the present study, an attempt has been made to address whether the coronary angiography alone is potentially be able in assessing the clinical severity of patients with ACS or can we include the risk factors also in this issue. Methods: 100 Patients with established CAD were divided into 4 groups based on the angiography &clinical severity. Body mass index (B.M.I.), Waist circumference& Waist -hip ratio was calculated. Data collected was then analyzed in relation to the angiographic severity and the clinical presentation using Pearson's chi square test and Analysis of Variance, using SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences). P value of less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Result: When clinical presentations of coronary artery diseases were compared with angiographic severity clinical presentations did not vary significantly with angiographic severity. But majority of the patients i.e. 80 % had more than 2 risk factors even though the clinical presentations did not vary significantly with the number of risk factors Conclusion: Angiographic severity could not predict the clinical manifestation with much precision. So clinicians should aggressively manage the clinical manifestations of CAD and also should work on the control of possible risk factors.

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“…8,9 In addition, we also demonstrated that because estrogen-induced small LDL particles are more susceptible to oxidation, the antioxidant effects of estrogen might be offset in patients showing such increased triglycer-ides. 10 According to Ehara et al, 11 increased oxidized LDL levels may be associated with plaque instability in human coronary atherosclerotic lesions. Therefore, oral estrogeninduced reduction in LDL particle diameter might explain the increased number of early cardiovascular or cerebrovascular events demonstrated in the HERS, WHI, and WEST trials.…”

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Different Effects of Oral Conjugated Equine Estrogen and Transdermal Estrogen Replacement Therapy on Size and Oxidative Susceptibility of Low-Density Lipoprotein Particles in Postmenopausal Women

et al. 2002

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Background-Postmenopausal estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) has an antioxidant effect that opposes the oxidation of LDL particles. Oral ERT-induced increases in plasma triglyceride, however, decrease LDL particle size, which may counteract this antioxidant effect. Because transdermal ERT decreases plasma triglyceride, it may not decrease LDL particle size and may preserve estrogen's antioxidant effect. The present study investigates whether transdermal ERT can eliminate the adverse effects of oral ERT on the size and oxidative susceptibility of LDL in postmenopausal women. Methods and Results-Postmenopausal women received no treatment (nϭ12) or were treated with either 0.625 mg oral conjugated equine estrogen daily (nϭ16) or with transdermal estradiol (50 g/d, nϭ16) for 3 months. Plasma lipids and the diameter of LDL particles were determined. Susceptibility of LDL to oxidation was analyzed by incubation with CuSO 4 and subsequent measurement of thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) concentrations. Oral ERT significantly increased plasma triglyceride and decreased LDL diameter but did not affect LDL-derived TBARS concentrations. In contrast, transdermal ERT significantly decreased the concentrations of plasma triglyceride and LDL-derived TBARS and significantly increased LDL diameter. Estrogen-induced changes in LDL diameter correlated negatively with changes in plasma triglyceride (rϭϪ0.51, PϽ0.001) and LDL-derived TBARS (rϭϪ0.50, PϽ0.001). Conclusions-Because transdermal, but not oral ERT, decreases plasma triglyceride and produces larger LDL particles that are resistant to oxidation, the antioxidant effect of estrogen can be preserved.

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Elevated Levels of Oxidized Low Density Lipoprotein Show a Positive Relationship With the Severity of Acute Coronary Syndromes

Cited by 705 publications

References 20 publications

Role of macrophage and smooth muscle cell apoptosis in association with oxidized low-density lipoprotein in the atherosclerotic development

Role of macrophage and smooth muscle cell apoptosis in association with oxidized low-density lipoprotein in the atherosclerotic development

The Role of Coronary Angiography in Assesing the Clinical Severity of Coronary Artery Disease

Different Effects of Oral Conjugated Equine Estrogen and Transdermal Estrogen Replacement Therapy on Size and Oxidative Susceptibility of Low-Density Lipoprotein Particles in Postmenopausal Women

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