Elevated Levels of Maternal Plasma Alpha‐fetoprotein After Amniocentesis

Chard, Tim; Kitau, M. J.; Ledward, R. S.; Coltart, T. M.; Embury, Susan; Seller, MaryJ.

doi:10.1111/j.1471-0528.1976.tb00726.x

Cited by 28 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 4 publications

(1 reference statement)

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“…Fetomaternal haemorrhage (FMH) following fetal sampling techniques is not rare and has been documented not only after amniocentesis (Blachman et al, 1974;Chard et al, 1976;Hay CCC 0197-385 1/95/0403 13-04 et al , Lachman et al , 1977;Lele et al, 1982;Menutti et al 1980;Tabor et al, 1987;Thomsen et al, 1983), but also after fetoscopy and placentesis (Fairweather et al, 1980;Simpson ef al., 1984). Two studies on the relationship of cordocentesis and FMH (Nicolini et al, 1988;Weiner et al, 1989) have demonstrated an association between the procedure and increase in maternal AFP levels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of fetomaternal haemorrhage associated with cordocentesis using serum α‐fetoprotein and the kleihauer technique

Selm¹,

Kanhai²,

Loon

1995

Prenatal Diagnosis

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Fetomaternal haemorrhage (FMH) was studied after 46 cordocenteses. alpha-Fetoprotein (AFP) concentration and Kleihauer staining of maternal blood, taken both before and after the procedure, revealed increases in AFP values of more than 40 per cent in 30 per cent of the patients examined; fetal haemorrhage of more than 0.25 ml was detected in 46 per cent of the cases by the Kleihauer test. In the second trimester of pregnancy both techniques are comparable, while in the third trimester the Kleihauer technique appears to be more sensitive in detecting FMH after cordocentesis. An anterior position of the placenta is a risk factor for FMH.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of fetomaternal haemorrhage associated with cordocentesis using serum α‐fetoprotein and the kleihauer technique

Selm¹,

Kanhai²,

Loon

1995

Prenatal Diagnosis

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“…However, the increase in AFP in the controls was significantly less than in the mifepristone and gemeprost groups. It is likely that this rise in serum alpha‐fetoprotein in women having early medical abortion reflects fetomaternal haemorrhage, although the studies on which this assumption is based were carried out in women undergoing chorion villus sampling and amniocentesis at a later stage of gestation (Chard et al 1976; Horacek et al 1976; Lachman et al 1977; Warren et al 1985).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been established that measurement of the concentration of alpha‐fetoprotein (AFP) in maternal serum is a better marker than the Kleihauer test as an index of fetomaternal haemorrhage during pregnancy (Seppala & Ruoslahti 1972; Horacek et al 1976; Lachman et al 1977). Raised maternal serum AFP has been reported following amniocentesis (Chard et al 1976; Horacek et al 1976; Lachman et al 1977), chorionic villous sampling (Warren et al 1985), vacuum aspiration (Naik et al 1988), termination of pregnancy in the mid‐trimester (Ward et al 1976) and dilatation and evacuation (Gravenhorst Bennebroek et al 1986).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in the concentration of alpha‐fetoprotein and placental hormones following two methods of medical abortion in early pregnancy

Thong¹,

Norman²,

Baird³

1993

BJOG

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Objective Measurement of alpha‐fetoprotein (AFP) was used to investigate the occurrence of feto‐maternal haemorrhage in women undergoing medical abortion. Design Three groups of women with amenorrhoea of 56 or less days were studied. A control and a mifepristone group had two blood samples taken 48 h apart. Women undergoing medical abortion with gemeprost had two blood samples taken 24 h apart. Setting Medical Termination Unit, Simpson Memorial Maternity Pavilion, Edinburgh. Subjects Three hundred and thirty‐five women requesting abortion. Interventions Blood samples taken at 24 h or 48 h apart. Measurements and main results The rise in concentration of AFP in plasma was much higher (P= 0.01) in the two groups of women in whom abortion was induced by gemeprost or mifepristone than in control women. Whereas only 5% of women in the control group had a significant rise in AFP, 27% and 33% of women in the mifepristone and gemeprost groups, respectively, had a rise in AFP level which exceeded the 95th centile (≥38%). The concentration of hCG rose by 48 h in both control and mifepristone groups. Progesterone remained unchanged, and oestradiol decreased (P<0.02) in the mifepristone group. By 24 h, there was a significant fall in the concentrations of hCG, progesterone and oestradiol in the group who had aborted after being given gemeprost. Conclusions Anti‐D prophylaxis must be administered to rhesus negative women to avoid rhesus iso‐immunisation.

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“…Caveats for our study would suggest that maternal serum samples should have been taken before amniocentesis for analysis [38][39][40]. In addition, all our subjects were Japanese women.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Second-Trimester Maternal Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein A and Inhibin A Levels in Fetal Trisomies

Watanabe

Hamada²,

Yamada³

et al. 2002

Fetal Diagn Ther

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Objective: The aim of this study was to determine whether fetal trisomy is associated with altered levels of second-trimester maternal pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A) and inhibin A. Methods: Maternal serum PAPP-A and inhibin A concentrations were measured at 15–17 weeks of gestation in 14 singleton pregnancies with fetal trisomy and in 56 matched pregnant controls. Results: PAPP-A levels in the trisomy group were significantly lower than in controls. The inhibin A level with fetal trisomy 21 was slightly higher than the control group, but levels were not different between trisomies 18 and 13 and controls. Conclusion: Fetal trisomies 21, 18, and 13 are associated with a reduction in second-trimester maternal PAPP-A levels; trisomies 18 and 13 are not associated with increased inhibin A levels, unlike trisomy 21.

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Elevated Levels of Maternal Plasma Alpha‐fetoprotein After Amniocentesis

Abstract: Summary An elevation of maternal AFP levels was observed in 11 of 65 cases (17 per cent) after amniocentesis. It is suggested that blood samples in which AFP levels are to be measured should always be collected before and not after amniocentesis.

Cited by 28 publications

References 4 publications

Detection of fetomaternal haemorrhage associated with cordocentesis using serum α‐fetoprotein and the kleihauer technique

Detection of fetomaternal haemorrhage associated with cordocentesis using serum α‐fetoprotein and the kleihauer technique

Changes in the concentration of alpha‐fetoprotein and placental hormones following two methods of medical abortion in early pregnancy

Second-Trimester Maternal Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein A and Inhibin A Levels in Fetal Trisomies

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