Elevated levels of interleukin 6 in the cerebrospinal fluid in childhood aseptic meningitis.

Fukushima, Keitaro; Ishiguro, Akira; Nakamura, Tomohisa; Suzuki, Yohko; Nagayama, Shoichiro; Abe, Masaaki; Umezawa, T; Nakahata, Tatsutoshi; Komiyama, Atsushi; Shimbo, Toshikazu

doi:10.2492/jsir1981.13.263

Cited by 2 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…A variety of cytokines play critical roles in local inflammatory responses in bacterial and aseptic meningitis [3][4][5][6]. We [7][8][9][10] and other investigators [3][4][5][6]11] showed that levels of the following cytokines increase in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of aseptic meningitis: IL-1, IL-6, IL-10, interferon-gamma (IFN-g), macrophage inflammatory protein-1a (MIP-1a) and colony-stimulating factors, but not TNF-a. Aseptic meningitis is characterized by an initial accumulation in the CSF of neutrophils followed by an elevation of mononuclear cells [8,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

The production of IL-8 in cerebrospinal fluid in aseptic meningitis of children

Ishiguro

Suzuki

Inaba

et al. 1997

Clinical and Experimental Immunology

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SUMMARYNeutrophils accumulate initially in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of aseptic meningitis, perhaps because of increased levels of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), macrophage inflammatory protein-1a (MIP-1a), and IL-8 in the subarachnoid space. We studied levels of these cytokines in children with aseptic meningitis using ELISA. When meningeal symptoms existed, IL-8 levels (1399 Ϯ 1600 ng/l, n ¼ 32) in the CSF were significantly higher than those either after meningeal symptoms disappeared (61 Ϯ 56 ng/l, n ¼ 18) or in controls (44 Ϯ 63 ng/l, n ¼ 27) ( P < 0 . 0001). High levels of IL-8 on admission dropped sequentially. Significant correlations were found between IL-8 levels and either neutrophil counts (r ¼ 0 . 612), G-CSF levels (r ¼ 0 . 873) or MIP-1a levels (r ¼ 0 . 623) in the CSF of the affected patients (P < 0 . 0001). IL-8 values in serum were lower than in the corresponding CSF samples from all individuals with meningeal symptoms. The IL-8 mRNA was detectable by reverse-transcribed polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-assisted amplification in fresh leucocytes from the CSF, but not from the peripheral blood of a healthy volunteer. The culture of CSF mononuclear cells produced high levels of IL-8 (ϳ 2750 ng/l). These data indicate that IL-8 levels rise transiently at the initial stage of aseptic meningitis, and that mononuclear cells that migrate into the CSF are a cellular source of this chemokine. We suppose that IL-8, in addition to G-CSF and MIP-1a, contribute to the localized neutrophil accumulation during the disease.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

The production of IL-8 in cerebrospinal fluid in aseptic meningitis of children

Ishiguro

Suzuki

Inaba

et al. 1997

Clinical and Experimental Immunology

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“…In the CSF during meningitis, lymphocytes and monocytes are dominant after the initial stage, although neutrophils accumulate initially [25]. This accumulation of neutrophils is perhaps because of increased levels of IL‐1, IL‐8, G‐CSF, TNF‐ α , and MIP‐1 α [19–23]. Our present study showed a significant correlation between IL‐16 levels and both counts of leucocytes and mononuclear cells in the CSF of patients with aseptic meningitis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

“…Additionally, we found significant relationships between IL‐16 levels and both levels of G‐CSF and IL‐6 in the CSF. Our previous reports showed elevated levels of G‐CSF and IL‐6 in the CSF in the initial stage of meningitis [20,21]. We speculate that IL‐16 expression may contribute to the inflammatory responses during meningitis in concert with other proinflammatory cytokines.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

“…A variety of cytokines, such as TNF‐ α , IL‐1, IL‐ 6, IL‐8, IL‐12, granulocyte‐cerebrospinal fluid (G‐CSF) and macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)‐1 α play critical roles in local inflammatory responses in the CSF in meningitis [19–23]. Elevated levels of these inflammatory cytokines are found in the CSF at the initial stage of meningitis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transient elevation of interleukin-16 levels at the initial stage of meningitis in children

Suzuki

Ishiguro

Shimbo

2003

Clinical and Experimental Immunology

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SUMMARYIL-16 is an immunomodulatory cytokine that is characterized by chemotactic activity and stimulation of proinflammatory cytokine expression in monocytic cells. We studied IL-16 using ELISA in children with meningitis. When meningeal symptoms existed, IL-16 levels were high in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of both bacterial (939 ± 877 ng/l, n = 20) and aseptic (341 ± 371 ng/l, n = 23) meningitis. The values in the CSF were significantly higher than those in non-meningitis controls (29 ± 8 ng/l, n = 22, P < 0·0001). After meningeal symptoms disappeared, IL-16 levels in bacterial (191 ± 149 ng/l, n = 10, P = 0·0042) and aseptic (159 ± 188 ng/l, n = 13, P = 0·0118) meningitis were lower than those during the symptomatic stage. IL-16 levels were the highest before day 5 of the illness and then gradually fell. Significant correlations were found between IL-16 levels and both G-CSF levels ( r = 0·783, n = 11, p = 0·0029) and IL-6 levels ( r = 0·818, n = 12, P = 0·0005) in the CSF of bacterial and aseptic meningitis. IL-16 levels in all CSF samples from non-meningitis controls were lower than those in serum. In contrast, IL-16 levels in the CSF in six of 16 samples from bacterial meningitis and two of 18 samples from aseptic meningitis were higher than those in serum. Serum levels of IL-16 did not fluctuate throughout the course of meningitis. These data indicate that IL-16 levels rise transiently in CSF at the initial stage of meningitis. We speculate that IL-16 may promote inflammatory responses during meningitis in concert with other proinflammatory cytokines.

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Elevated levels of interleukin 6 in the cerebrospinal fluid in childhood aseptic meningitis.

Cited by 2 publications

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The production of IL-8 in cerebrospinal fluid in aseptic meningitis of children

The production of IL-8 in cerebrospinal fluid in aseptic meningitis of children

Transient elevation of interleukin-16 levels at the initial stage of meningitis in children

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