Elevated frequency of p53 genetic mutations and AgNOR values in squamous cell carcinoma

Bukhari, Mulazim Hussain; Niazi, Shahida; Khaleel, Muhammad Eyyaz; Sharif, Mumtaz; Ghani, Rubina; Mehmood, Muhammad Tariq; Tahseen, Muhammad; Chaudhry, Naseer A.; Hasan, Mumtaz

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0560.2008.01006.x

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…14 Over the years, a number of other histological nonclassical parameters have complemented our prognostic quiver in cutaneous carcinomas (morphometric analysis, apoptotic rates, nuclear organizer region or NOR status, and electron microscopy), [26][27][28] although not with any remarkable success. These were proposed in parallel with several immunohistochemical markers, including epidermal growth factor receptor expression, 29 p53 overexpression, 28,30 tumor angiogenesis, 31 basal membrane breaks after collagen IV and laminin reactivity, 32 tumor-extracellular matrix interactions, apoptotic index, bcl-2 protein expression, cyclin D1 expression, and DNA ploidy (aneuploidy). 29,33,34 The value of these parameters remains to be determined in clinical practice.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

LC3A-Positive “Stone-Like” Structures in Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinomas

Sivridis¹,

Giatromanolaki²,

Karpathiou³

et al. 2011

The American Journal of Dermatopathology

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This study was set to investigate the relation between autophagic activity and the aggressiveness of cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas (SCC), as indicated by tumor thickness and proliferative activity. The anti-LC3A antibody, recognizing both the soluble and the autophagosome-bound forms of the protein, and a standard immunohistochemical technique were applied to 75 cutaneous SCC of variable tumor thickness. The study was complemented by staining for MIB1. Three patterns of LC3A reactivity were recognized: diffuse cytoplasmic, cytoplasmic/perinuclear, and "stone-like" structures (SLS), that is, large, rounded, densely stained amorphous material, 5 μm on average, enclosed within cytoplasmic vacuoles. Higher numbers of SLS were counted in >6-mm-thick SCC compared with the intermediate-thickness tumors (2.1-6 mm) and the <2-mm-thick tumors; the mean recorded values, being 8.8, 4.55, and 1.55, respectively, were statistically significant. The diffuse cytoplasmic staining showed a nearly inverse trend, whereas the perinuclear pattern, expressed in <10% of the total, was not evaluated. With regard to MIB1 proliferation index, this increased with tumor thickness and, in linear regression analysis, was directly linked with SLS counts and inversely with the cytoplasmic pattern. These data suggest that autophagic activity in SCC, when expressed as high LC3A/SLS counts, can be regarded as an indicator of tumor aggressiveness.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

LC3A-Positive “Stone-Like” Structures in Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinomas

Sivridis¹,

Giatromanolaki²,

Karpathiou³

et al. 2011

The American Journal of Dermatopathology

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“…It is well documented that repeated UV exposure can cause mutations in the p53 gene, leading to the formation of skin cancer. 32 A recent study sequenced the genomes of a malignant melanoma and a lymphoblastoid cell line from the same patient. Examining the genome and cell line sequences revealed C[T/G[A-based substitution and that the majority of these were CC[TT/GG[AA changes.…”

Section: Effects Of Uv Radiationmentioning

confidence: 98%

Adverse effects of ultraviolet radiation from the use of indoor tanning equipment: Time to ban the tan

Lim

James

Rigel

et al. 2011

Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology

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“…AgNOR staining and counting: AgNOR staining was performed according to the procedure established by the Committee on AgNOR quantification 14 incorporating recommended safeguards to reduce variability and bias in staining and counting 15 . Each section was immersed in sodium citrate buffer (at pH 6.0) incubated in wet autoclave at 1208 °C for 20 min, All stained sections were dehydrated in increasing grades of concentration of ethanol, and then clarified in xylene.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative estimation of AgNORs in normal, dysplastic and malignant oral mucosa

Chowdhry¹,

Deshmukh²,

Shukla³

et al. 2014

BIOMED PAP

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Aims. Silver stainable nucleolar organizer regions (AgNORs) have received a great deal of attention recently as their frequency within the nuclei is significantly higher in malignant cells than in normal, reactive or benign neoplastic cells. The objective of this study was to carry out a quantitative assessment of large and small AgNORs in oral normal mucosa, precancerous lesions and infiltrating squamous cell carcinomas. Methods. The study comprised 110 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded oral mucosal biopsies consisting of 30 oral dysplasia, 60 oral squamous cell carcinomas and 20 normal oral mucosa. AgNORs were counted in each nucleus, categorized as small, large and total number of AgNORs in each cell and their means were calculated. Results. The mean value of small AgNORs, large AgNORs and total AgNORs increased gradually from normal mucosa to dysplastic lesions to squamous cell carcinomas. The study clearly indicates that in oral squamous cell carcinomas, AgNORs diminish in size as they increase in number. Further, AgNOR counts increase as the degree of malignant potential of the cell increases. Conclusions. By combining both the enumeration of AgNORs and their size, good distinction can be made between normal, dysplastic and infiltrating squamous cell carcinomas. This could help in the early diagnosis and prognosis of dysplastic mucosal lesions and their malignant transformation.

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Elevated frequency of p53 genetic mutations and AgNOR values in squamous cell carcinoma

Abstract: Our results suggest that a higher frequency of p53 genetic mutations and increased AgNOR values exist in SCC compared with BCC and SCP. 'Consequently, SCC patients may have poorer prognosis'.

Cited by 12 publications

References 45 publications

LC3A-Positive “Stone-Like” Structures in Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinomas

LC3A-Positive “Stone-Like” Structures in Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinomas

Adverse effects of ultraviolet radiation from the use of indoor tanning equipment: Time to ban the tan

Quantitative estimation of AgNORs in normal, dysplastic and malignant oral mucosa

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