Elevated exhalation of hydrogen peroxide and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances in patients with community acquired pneumonia

Majewska, Edyta; Kasielski, Marek; Luczynski, Rafal; Bartosz, Grzegorz; Białasiewicz, Piotr; Nowak, Dariusz

doi:10.1016/j.rmed.2003.08.015

Cited by 48 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 33 publications

(39 reference statements)

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“…At this stage, it is only possible to capitalise on studies dealing with EBC analysis in diseased conditions, although in these studies a limited number of healthy subjects matching the characteristics of the diseased group are usually used as a control group. In this context, a number of such publications have dealt with the same mediator, therefore, more data are available in healthy controls (table 6) [77][78][79][80][81][82][83][84][85][86][87][88][89][90][91][92][93]. The only exception is a recent study dealing not with a mediator or chemical compound but with pH values in healthy subjects [87].…”

Section: Results Of the Literature Searchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bronchoalveolar lavage, sputum and exhaled clinically relevant inflammatory markers: values in healthy adults

Balbi

Pignatti

Corradi

et al. 2007

European Respiratory Journal

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Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), induced sputum and exhaled breath markers (exhaled nitric oxide and exhaled breath condensate) can each provide biological insights into the pathogenesis of respiratory disorders. Some of their biomarkers are also employed in the clinical management of patients with various respiratory diseases. In the clinical context, however, defining normal values and cut-off points is crucial. The aim of the present review is to investigate to what extent the issue of defining normal values in healthy adults has been pursued for the biomarkers with clinical value.The current authors reviewed data from literature that specifically addressed the issue of normal values from healthy adults for the four methodologies.Most studies have been performed for BAL (n59), sputum (n53) and nitric oxide (n53). There are no published studies for breath condensate, none of whose markers yet has clinical value. In healthy adult nonsmokers the cut-off points (mean+2SD) for biomarkers with clinical value were as follows. BAL: 16.7% lymphocytes, 2.3% neutrophils and 1.9% eosinophils; sputum: 7.7610 6 ?mL -1 total cell count and 2.2% eosinophils; nitric oxide: 20.2 ppb. The methodologies differ concerning the quantity and characteristics of available reference data. Studies focusing on obtaining reference values from healthy individuals are still required, more evidently for the new, noninvasive methodologies.

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Section: Results Of the Literature Searchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bronchoalveolar lavage, sputum and exhaled clinically relevant inflammatory markers: values in healthy adults

Balbi

Pignatti

Corradi

et al. 2007

European Respiratory Journal

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“…One advantage of this gentle sampling procedure would be significant relief for the patient. It can be used repeatedly on the same patient in outpatient settings to aid in the diagnosis of inflammatory [1], infectious [3] and neoplastic [4] disease.…”

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confidence: 99%

Human skin keratins are the major proteins in exhaled breath condensate

Hoffmann

Tabaksblat²,

Enghild³

et al. 2008

European Respiratory Journal

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Exhaled breath condensate (EBC) may be an attractive noninvasive alternative to bronchoscopy, bronchoalveolar lavage and induced sputum for diagnosis and monitoring of pulmonary disease. The aim of the present study was to identify proteins in EBC by mass spectrometry. Protein in EBC was characterised by gel electrophoresis of freeze-dried EBC samples, and individual proteins were identified by mass spectrometry.Saliva, ambient air condensate (AAC) and EBC were collected from normal human volunteers with or without a filter to remove particles from air. In some instances, EBC was condensed by breathing compressed air. Samples were freeze-dried and analysed by SDS-PAGE and peptide mass fingerprinting.Three major bands were seen in EBC and AAC, and were identified by peptide mass fingerprinting. The probability-based Mowse score was significant only for cytokeratin (CK) 1, CK2 and CK10. In the catalogue of human cytokeratins, CK1, CK2, CK9 and CK10 are described in keratinising epidermis. Saliva did not contain keratin and compressed air EBC contained markedly less keratin. Filtration of inspired air did not remove contaminating keratin.In conclusion, skin keratin in exhaled breath condensate derives from ambient air and not from the respiratory tract.

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“…However, where as for inflammatory diseases (asthma, pneumonia etc.) the increase of H 2 O 2 in EBC [9][10][11] is expected due to oxidative radical formation as organism response, the pathologies like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are not directly accomplished with the free radical formation mechanism. Nevertheless, even for COPD the remarkable raise in hydrogen peroxide concentration is reported [12,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulmonary Oxidative Status in Norma and Pathologies on the Basis of Analysis of Exhaled Breath Condensate

Анаев¹,

Apyari²,

Puganova³

et al. 2010

Am. J. Biomed. Sci.

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On the basis of analysis of the exhaled breath condensate (EBC), which is truly non-invasively collected, we propose to evaluate the pulmonary oxidative status. As known, both peroxides, primarily hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), and nitrite ions (NO 2 -) present in EBC. However, where as peroxides serve as strongest oxidants, nitrite in the same medium due to its electrochemical potential can only be a reductant. We have shown, that H 2 O 2 concentration in EBC being at micromolar level for healthy human is increased in case of inflammatory pathologies (asthma, pneumonia, bronchiectases). Moreover, monitoring H 2 O 2 in EBC one can evaluate the degree of inflammation (exacerbation vs remission) and even improve the personified therapy. On the contrary, nitrite concentration in case of similar inflammatory deceases is decreased. A simultaneous increase of oxidant (H 2 O 2 ) and a decrease of reductant (NO 2 -) concentrations in EBC point to a significant pulmonary oxidative stress accompanying inflammatory pathologies.

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Elevated exhalation of hydrogen peroxide and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances in patients with community acquired pneumonia

Abstract: Pneumonia is accompanied by oxidative stress in airways that moderately correlates with intensity of systemic inflammatory response. Determination of H2O2 in EBC may be helpful for non-invasive monitoring of oxidants production during lower respiratory tract infection.

Cited by 48 publications

References 33 publications

Bronchoalveolar lavage, sputum and exhaled clinically relevant inflammatory markers: values in healthy adults

Bronchoalveolar lavage, sputum and exhaled clinically relevant inflammatory markers: values in healthy adults

Human skin keratins are the major proteins in exhaled breath condensate

Pulmonary Oxidative Status in Norma and Pathologies on the Basis of Analysis of Exhaled Breath Condensate

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