Elevated energy expenditure in cancer patients with solid tumours

Hyltander, Anders; Drott, Christer; Körner, Ulla; Sandström, Rolf; Lundholm, Kent

doi:10.1016/0277-5379(91)90050-n

Cited by 140 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Hyltander et al (1991) found that cancer patients had an elevated REE and increased fat oxidation compared with either weight losing or weight stable controls, and that this was related to an increased heart rate. Such patients were also found to exhibit an increased cardiovascular and metabolic response to adrenaline infusion (Drott et al, 1987), while administration of the non-specific bblocker propranolol was found to produce a decrease in the basal metabolic rate (BMR) (Gambardella et al, 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Role of β3-adrenergic receptors in the action of a tumour lipid mobilizing factor

2002

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Induction of lipolysis in murine white adipocytes, and stimulation of adenylate cyclase in adipocyte plasma membranes, by a tumour-produced lipid mobilizing factor, was attenuated by low concentrations (10 77 -10 75 M) of the specific b3-adrenoceptor antagonist SR59230A. Lipid mobilizing factor (250 nM) produced comparable increases in intracellular cyclic AMP in CHOK1 cells transfected with the human b3-adrenoceptor to that obtained with isoprenaline (1 nM). In both cases cyclic AMP production was attenuated by SR59230A confirming that the effect is mediated through a b3-adrenoceptor. A non-linear regression analysis of binding of lipid mobilizing factor to the b3-adrenoceptor showed a high affinity binding site with a Kd value 78+45 nM and a B max value (282+1 fmole mg protein 71 ) comparable with that of other b3-adrenoceptor agonists. These results suggest that lipid mobilizing factor induces lipolysis through binding to a b3-adrenoceptor.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Role of β3-adrenergic receptors in the action of a tumour lipid mobilizing factor

2002

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“…Changes in resting energy expenditure have been studied in cancer patients with variable results. 18,19 This seems to be related to the type of cancer. 19 Together with this altered metabolic rate, cancer patients exhibit increased rates of protein and fat turnover.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oesophageal cancer and cachexia: the effect of short‐term treatment with thalidomide on weight loss and lean body mass

Khan

Simpson²,

Cole

et al. 2003

Aliment Pharmacol Ther

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SUMMARYBackground: Cachexia is common in patients with advanced cancer and has a direct impact on well-being and mortality. Aim: To test the hypothesis that thalidomide can promote weight gain and lean body mass in patients with advanced oesophageal cancer. Methods:In an open-label study, 11 patients with nonobstructing and inoperable oesophageal cancer were established on an isocaloric diet for 2 weeks, followed by 2 weeks on thalidomide, 200 mg daily. The primary end-points were weight change and lean body mass. Secondary end-points were quality of life and changes in resting energy expenditure.

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“…In mice bearing the -MAC16 tumour, there is a gradual increase in rates of oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production with increasing weight loss and an increase in energy expenditure leading to a negative energy balance (Plumb et al, 1991). In this respect, the MAC16 tumour is similar to some human tumours in which the energy intake is not sufficient to meet the demands of an increased energy expenditure (Hyltander et al, 1991). Administration of the human immunoreactive material of Mr 24 000 produces a depression in protein synthesis and an increased protein degradation in skeletal muscle, as measured by tyrosine release.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Induction of cachexia in mice by a product isolated from the urine of cachectic cancer patients

Cariuk

Lorite²,

Todorov³

et al. 1997

Br J Cancer

112

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Summary Urine from cancer patients with weight loss showed the presence of an antigen of Mr 24 000 detected with a monoclonal antibody formed by fusion of splenocytes from mice with cancer cachexia. The antigen was not present in the urine of normal subjects, patients with weight loss from conditions other than cancer or from cancer patients who were weight stable or with low weight loss (1 kg month-1). The antigen was present in the urine from subjects with carcinomas of the pancreas, breast, lung and ovary. The antigen was purified from urine using a combination of affinity chromatography with the mouse monoclonal antibody and reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromotography (HPLC). This procedure gave a 200 000-fold purification of the protein over that in the original urine extract and the material isolated was homogeneous, as determined by silver staining of gels. The N-terminal amino acid sequence showed no homology with any of the recognized cytokines. Administration of this material to mice caused a significant (P<0.005) reduction in body weight when compared with a control group receiving material purified in the same way from the urine of a normal subject. Weight loss occurred without a reduction in food and water intake and was prevented by prior administration of the mouse monoclonal antibody. Body composition analysis showed a decrease in both fat and non-fat carcass mass without a change in water content. The effects on body composition were reversed in mice treated with the monoclonal antibody. There was a decrease in protein synthesis and an increase in degradation in skeletal muscle. Protein degradation was associated with an increased prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) release. Both protein degradation and PGE2 release were significantly reduced in mice pretreated with the monoclonal antibody. These results show that the material of Mr 24 000 present in the urine of cachectic cancer patients is capable of producing a syndrome of cachexia in mice.

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Elevated energy expenditure in cancer patients with solid tumours

Cited by 140 publications

References 27 publications

Role of β3-adrenergic receptors in the action of a tumour lipid mobilizing factor

Role of β3-adrenergic receptors in the action of a tumour lipid mobilizing factor

Oesophageal cancer and cachexia: the effect of short‐term treatment with thalidomide on weight loss and lean body mass

Induction of cachexia in mice by a product isolated from the urine of cachectic cancer patients

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