Elevated circulating ghrelin, but not peptide YY(3-36) levels, in term neonates with infection

Siahanidou, Tania; Margeli, Alexandra; Tsirogianni, Chrysanthi; Hantzi, Eugenia; Papassotiriou, Ioannis; Chrousos, George P.

doi:10.1515/cclm-2014-1250

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 33 publications

(60 reference statements)

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“…Plasma ghrelin was significantly increased in full-term neonates with sepsis compared with healthy control subjects. In this population, ghrelin values higher than 1.4 ng/ mL on admission accurately indicated infection, with sensitivity and specificity between 70% and 75% (205). Similarly, elevated ghrelin concentrations are also evident in adults with septic shock (206).…”

Section: Neonatal Sepsis and Ghrelinmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…Similarly, elevated ghrelin concentrations are also evident in adults with septic shock (206). Interestingly, a significant association was evident between ghrelin concentrations and the duration of fever in neonates, i.e., ghrelin levels decreased in infants whose fever improved within 36 h and increased in infants who were febrile for >36 h (205). This association may be related to fever mediators such as cytokines, as it has been previously reported in adults that ghrelin peaks 30 min after the peak in TNF-a (207).…”

Section: Neonatal Sepsis and Ghrelinmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Influence of innate immune activation on endocrine and metabolic pathways in infancy

O’Connor

Ashoori

Dias

et al. 2021

American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism

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Prematurity is the leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality worldwide. Premature infants often require extended hospital stays, with increased risk of developing infection compared with term infants. A picture is emerging of wide-ranging deleterious consequences resulting from innate immune system activation in the newborn infant. Those who survive infection have been exposed to a stimulus that can impose long-lasting alterations into later life. In this review, we discuss sepsis-driven alterations in integrated neuroendocrine and metabolic pathways and highlight current knowledge gaps in respect of neonatal sepsis. We review established biomarkers for sepsis and extend the discussion to examine emerging findings from human and animal models of neonatal sepsis that propose novel biomarkers for early identification of sepsis. Future research in this area is required to establish a greater understanding of the distinct neonatal signature of early and late-stage infection, to improve diagnosis, curtail inappropriate antibiotic use and promote precision medicine through a biomarker-guided empirical and adjunctive treatment approach for neonatal sepsis. There is an unmet clinical need to decrease sepsis-induced morbidity in neonates, to limit and prevent adverse consequences in later life and decrease mortality.

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Section: Neonatal Sepsis and Ghrelinmentioning

confidence: 77%

Section: Neonatal Sepsis and Ghrelinmentioning

confidence: 96%

Influence of innate immune activation on endocrine and metabolic pathways in infancy

O’Connor

Ashoori

Dias

et al. 2021

American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism

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show abstract

“…Administration of ghrelin also decreases organ injury and mortality in rats suffering from sepsis after radiation exposure. Exposure to radiation causes gut barrier disruption, which leads to the translocation of intestinal flora to the systemic circulation, leading to inflammation and remote organ injury ( 154 ). First, rats were given radiation of 5-Gy followed 48 h later by polymicrobial sepsis introduced via CLP.…”

Section: Role Of Ghrelin In Sepsismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two doses of ghrelin were given immediately after radiation exposure and with CLP. Ghrelin decreased both the attendant weight loss and mortality ( 99 , 154 ).…”

Section: Role Of Ghrelin In Sepsismentioning

confidence: 99%

Ghrelin as an Anti-Sepsis Peptide: Review

et al. 2021

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Sepsis continues to produce widespread inflammation, illness, and death, prompting intensive research aimed at uncovering causes and therapies. In this article, we focus on ghrelin, an endogenous peptide with promise as a potent anti-inflammatory agent. Ghrelin was discovered, tracked, and isolated from stomach cells based on its ability to stimulate release of growth hormone. It also stimulates appetite and is shown to be anti-inflammatory in a wide range of tissues. The anti-inflammatory effects mediated by ghrelin are a result of both the stimulation of anti-inflammatory processes and an inhibition of pro-inflammatory forces. Anti-inflammatory processes are promoted in a broad range of tissues including the hypothalamus and vagus nerve as well as in a broad range of immune cells. Aged rodents have reduced levels of growth hormone (GH) and diminished immune responses; ghrelin administration boosts GH levels and immune response. The anti-inflammatory functions of ghrelin, well displayed in preclinical animal models of sepsis, are just being charted in patients, with expectations that ghrelin and growth hormone might improve outcomes in patients with sepsis.

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Hormones and Gastrointestinal Function of Newborns

Prodam¹,

Bellone²,

Ricotti³

et al. 2016

Neonatology

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Elevated circulating ghrelin, but not peptide YY(3-36) levels, in term neonates with infection

Abstract: Circulating ghrelin, but not PYY(3-36), levels are increased in neonates with infection, possibly reflecting and/or participating in the inflammatory process.

Cited by 4 publications

References 33 publications

Influence of innate immune activation on endocrine and metabolic pathways in infancy

Influence of innate immune activation on endocrine and metabolic pathways in infancy

Ghrelin as an Anti-Sepsis Peptide: Review

Hormones and Gastrointestinal Function of Newborns

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