Elevated cerebral blood flow and vascular density in the amygdala after status epilepticus in rats

Hayward, Nick; Ndode-Ekane, Xavier Ekolle; Kutchiashvili, Nino; Gröhn, Olli; Pitkänen, Asla

doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2010.08.013

Cited by 20 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 23 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Cerebral blood flow was increased in the amygdala 2 and 14 days after pilocarpine‐induced SE. This was associated with increased vessel density, which may explain this hyperperfusion, although the authors did not find any correlation between vessel density and amygdaloid cerebral blood flow . In contrast, in humans, ASL MRI has demonstrated focal hypoperfusion interictally at the presumed SOZ in human subjects .…”

Section: Structural and Functional Imagingmentioning

confidence: 82%

WONOEP appraisal: Imaging biomarkers in epilepsy

et al. 2016

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Neuroimaging offers a wide range of opportunities to obtain information about neuronal activity, brain inflammation, blood-brain barrier alterations, and various molecular alterations during epileptogenesis or for the prediction of pharmacoresponsiveness as well as postoperative outcome. Imaging biomarkers were examined during the XIII Workshop on Neurobiology of Epilepsy (XIII WONOEP) organized in 2015 by the Neurobiology Commission of the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE). Here we present an extended summary of the discussed issues and provide an overview of the current state of knowledge regarding the biomarker potential of different neuroimaging approaches for epilepsy.

show abstract

Section: Structural and Functional Imagingmentioning

confidence: 82%

WONOEP appraisal: Imaging biomarkers in epilepsy

et al. 2016

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Since seizures can also occur in patients with acute stroke, it is often difficult to differentiate seizure-related changes from acute stroke in clinical practice. In these clinical situations, MR perfusion can serve as a practical tool to differentiate between these two pathologies, since the perfusion status may be opposing: hypoperfusion in case of infarction, versus hyperperfusion in case of seizure-related change (17,(19)(20)(21). In the present study, all 5 patients who underwent perfusion MR imaging showed hyperperfusion in the corresponding area of seizure-related cortical lesions (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 49%

MR Findings of Seizure-Related Cerebral Cortical Lesions during Periictal Period

Kim

Baek

Choi

et al. 2017

Investig Magn Reson Imaging

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Original ArticlePurpose: This study investigated the MRI, MR angiography (MRA) and MR perfusion findings of seizure-related cerebral cortical lesions during the periictal period. Materials and Methods: From a retrospective review of the institutional database between 2011 and 2014, a total of 21 patients were included in this study. Two radiologists assessed periictal MRI, including MRA and MR perfusion, in patients with seizure-related cortical lesions. The parameters examined include: location of cortical abnormality, multiplicity of the affected cortical region, cerebral vascular dilatation, perfusion abnormality and other parenchymal lesions. Results: All patients showed T2 hyperintense cerebral cortical lesions with accompanying diffusion restriction, either unilateral (18/21, 85.7%) or bilateral (3/21, 14.3%). Of the 21 patients enrolled, 10 (47.6%) had concurrent T2 hyperintense thalamic lesions, and 10 (47.6%) showed hippocampal involvement. Of the 17 patients (81%) who underwent MRA, 13 (76.5%) showed vascular dilatation with increased flow signal in the cerebral arteries of the affected cortical regions. On MR perfusion, all 5 patients showed cortical hyperperfusion, corresponding to the region of cortical abnormalities. Conclusion: Seizure-related cerebral cortical lesions are characterized by T2 and diffusion hyperintensities, with corresponding cerebral hyperperfusion and vascular dilatation. These findings can be helpful for making an accurate diagnosis in patients with seizure.

show abstract

“…MRI can also be used to characterize hemodynamic changes after status epilepticus (Choy et al., 2010; Hayward et al., 2010). Arterial spin labeling (ASL, Fig.…”

Section: A Range Of Mri Techniques That Have Been Used or Have Potementioning

confidence: 99%

“…1H) MRI enables noninvasive imaging and quantification of cerebral blood flow (CBF) in the brain without contrast agent, whereas intravascular contrast agents can be used to measure cerebral blood volume (CBV). CBF measurement, being closely coupled with the metabolic demands of tissue, provides an insight into tissue homeostasis and may also shed light on the processes of devascularization and angiogenesis that occur after status epilepticus (Hayward et al., 2010; Ndode‐Ekane et al., 2010).…”

Section: A Range Of Mri Techniques That Have Been Used or Have Potementioning

confidence: 99%

Multimodal MRI assessment of damage and plasticity caused by status epilepticus in the rat brain

Gröhn¹,

Sierra²,

Immonen³

et al. 2011

Epilepsia

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARYStatus epilepticus or other brain-damaging insults launch a cascade of events that may lead to the development of epilepsy. MRI techniques available today, including T 2 -and T 1 -weighted imaging, functional MRI, manganese enhanced MRI (MEMRI), arterial spin labeling (ASL), diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), and phase imaging, can detect not only damage caused by status epilepticus but also plastic changes in the brain that occur in response to damage. Optimal balance between damage and recovery processes is a key for planning possible treatments, and noninvasive imaging has the potential to greatly facilitate this process and to make personalized treatment plans possible. KEY WORDS: Arterial spin labeling MRI, Diffusion MRI, Neurodegeneration, Manganese-enhanced MRI, Fractional anisotropy.Status epilepticus or other brain-damaging insults launch a cascade of events that may lead to the development of epilepsy. Noninvasive detection of these often progressive changes would have great value for improving our understanding of the basic pathophysiologic mechanisms of epileptogenesis and for finding novel treatment strategies to prevent epilepsy. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is probably the most versatile noninvasive imaging modality available to study different aspects of these progressive changes in vivo. In addition to structural changes, contemporary MRI techniques are also able to assess, for example, axonal reorganization, brain function, blood flow, and metabolism (Table 1). Our special interest in recent years has been to develop MRI approaches for the detection of plastic recovery processes in the brain. Initial damage not only launches progressive damage but also enhances brain plasticity as a recovery mechanism. Optimal balance between damage and recovery processes is a key for planning possible treatments, and noninvasive imaging has the potential to greatly facilitate this process, and to make personalized treatment plans possible.The time period during (prolonged status epilepticus) and immediately after status epilepticus is associated with cytotoxic edema (disturbance of water balance between intracellular and extracellular compartments), which causes decreased diffusion of the water in the tissue. This can be detected by diffusion MRI and is most often described by using an orientation independent measure of water diffusion (several different abbreviations are used in literature including Trace D, D av , ADC av , mean diffusivity MD; accurately one third of the trace of the diffusion tensor). This is followed by a net accumulation of water during the following days due to vasogenic edema and can typically be assessed using T 2 -or T 1 -weighted MRI in which contrast peaks 24-48 h after the insult begins (Fig. 1A,B). Reabsorption of water decreases the relaxation-based MRI contrast. Consequently, MRI visibility of the lesion can be low during the following weeks. A secondary increase in signal intensity in T 2 -weighted (or decrease in T 1 -weighted) MRI and increased mean diffusivity can be...

show abstract

Elevated cerebral blood flow and vascular density in the amygdala after status epilepticus in rats

Cited by 20 publications

References 23 publications

WONOEP appraisal: Imaging biomarkers in epilepsy

WONOEP appraisal: Imaging biomarkers in epilepsy

MR Findings of Seizure-Related Cerebral Cortical Lesions during Periictal Period

Multimodal MRI assessment of damage and plasticity caused by status epilepticus in the rat brain

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About