Elevated air temperatures in riparian ecosystems along ephemeral streams: The role of housing density

Kurc, S. A.; Zaimes, George Ν.; Crimmins, Michael A.; Hutmacher, Amy M.; Green, Douglas

doi:10.1016/j.jaridenv.2012.03.019

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 59 publications

(71 reference statements)

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“…Over the 120-year study period, both shrinking and growing cities with the Rust Belt region experienced a persistent increase in temperature. This is consistent with other studies that have compared highly urbanized areas to less populated surrounding or nearby areas (Bohm, 1998;Emmanuel and Kruger, 2012;Martin et al, 2012;Ajaaj et al, 2018;Wang et al, 2022). However, our research also highlights that growing cities may be experiencing elevated temperature increases relative to shrinking cities (Figure 5).…”

Section: Climate Trend Comparisons Between Shrinking and Growing Rust...supporting

confidence: 92%

“…This is also consistent with other studies that highlight a significant influence of urbanization on air temperature (Mishra et al, 2015;Ajaaj et al, 2018). In these studies, reduced temperature increases in less populated relative to more populated areas have been in part attributed to smaller fractions of impervious surfaces (Martin et al, 2012;Ajaaj et al, 2018) or increased area of green space or vegetation (Hu and Jia, 2010;Jaganmohan et al, 2016;Anguluri and Narayanan, 2017;Padon et al, 2020).…”

Section: Climate Trend Comparisons Between Shrinking and Growing Rust...supporting

confidence: 91%

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Impacts of urban decline on local climatology: A comparison of growing and shrinking cities in the post-industrial Rust Belt

et al. 2023

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Cities such as Detroit, MI in the post-industrial Rust Belt region of the United States, have been experiencing a decline in both population and economy since the 1970's. These “shrinking cities” are characterized by aging infrastructure and increasing vacant areas, potentially resulting in more green space. While in growing cities research has demonstrated an “urban heat island” effect resulting from increased temperatures with increased urbanization, little is known about how this may be different if a city shrinks due to urban decline. We hypothesize that the changes associated with shrinking cities will have a measurable impact on their local climatology that is different than in areas experiencing increased urbanization. Here we present our analysis of historical temperature and precipitation records (1900–2020) from weather stations positioned in multiple shrinking cities from within the Rust Belt region of the United States and in growing cities within and outside of this region. Our results suggest that while temperatures are increasing overall, these increases are lower in shrinking cities than those cities that are continuing to experience urban growth. Our analysis also suggests there are differences in precipitation trends between shrinking and growing cities. We also highlight recent climate data in Detroit, MI in the context of these longer-term changes in climatology to support urban planning and management decisions that may influence or be influenced by these trends.

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Section: Climate Trend Comparisons Between Shrinking and Growing Rust...supporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Climate Trend Comparisons Between Shrinking and Growing Rust...supporting

confidence: 91%

Impacts of urban decline on local climatology: A comparison of growing and shrinking cities in the post-industrial Rust Belt

et al. 2023

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“…The flow in ephemeral streams is episodic, with limited and stochastic water supply. [58] Episodic or ephemeral-those that flow and maintain water on a largely unpredictable basis, depending on precipitation events, and with hydrological continuity for only a short period of time (usually days to weeks).…”

Section: Definition Referencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Defining Dry Rivers as the Most Extreme Type of Non-Perennial Fluvial Ecosystems

et al. 2020

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We define Dry Rivers as those whose usual habitat in space and time are dry channels where surface water may interrupt dry conditions for hours or a few days, primarily after heavy rainfall events that are variable in time and that usually lead to flash floods, disconnected from groundwater and thereby unable to harbor aquatic life. Conceptually, Dry Rivers would represent the extreme of the hydrological continuum of increased flow interruption that typically characterizes the non-perennial rivers, thus being preceded by intermittent and ephemeral rivers that usually support longer wet phases, respectively. This paper aims to show that Dry Rivers are ecosystems in their own right given their distinct structural and functional characteristics compared to other non-perennial rivers due to prevalence of terrestrial conditions. We firstly reviewed the variety of definitions used to refer to these non-perennial rivers featured by a predominant dry phase with the aim of contextualizing Dry Rivers. Secondly, we analyzed existing knowledge on distribution, geophysical and hydrological features, biota and biogeochemical attributes that characterize Dry Rivers. We explored the capacity of Dry Rivers to provide ecosystem services and described main aspects of anthropogenic threats, management challenges and the conservation of these ecosystems. We applied an integrative approach that incorporates to the limnological perspective the terrestrial view, useful to gain a better understanding of Dry Rivers. Finally, we drew main conclusions where major knowledge gaps and research needs are also outlined. With this paper, we ultimately expect to put value in Dry Rivers as non-perennial rivers with their own ecological identity with significant roles in the landscape, biodiversity and nutrient cycles, and society; thus worthy to be considered, especially in the face of exacerbated hydrological drying in many rivers across the world.

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“…Intermittent and ephemeral streams (IRES) are dominant in arid or semi-arid regions [6]. The flow in ephemeral streams is episodic while intermittent streams are characterized by flow cessation, usually followed by a complete drying of the channels [7,8]. The temporary streams constitute more than 50% of the global hydrologic network while this percentage is growing due to the impacts of the climatic crisis which alters the status of the majority of rivers from perennial to intermittent [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

UAV-based Optical Methods to Estimate the Flow of Temporary Streams and Evaluate their Environmental Status

Koutalakis,

Stamataki,

Tzoraki

2023

Preprint

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Temporary streams are a key component of the hydrological cycle in arid and semi-arid regions, but their flow is highly variable and difficult to measure. In this paper, we present a novel approach that could be used to assess the flow of temporary streams and characterize their environmental status. Specifically, we apply the Image Velocimetry method to estimate surface velocity in temporary streams using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) equipped with optical sensors (IV-UAV method). The IV-UAV method enables the easy, safe and quick estimation of the velocity on the water’s surface. This method was applied in different temporary streams in Lesvos Island, Greece. The produced results show that the IV-UAV can be implemented at low discharges, at temporary streams and at small streams. However, there were many occasions that measurements were unable due to various reasons such as dense vegetation or archaeological sites. Despite of this, the proposed methodology could be incorporated in optical protocols which are used to assess the environmental status of temporary streams of Mediterranean conditions. Finally, this would become a valuable tool for understanding the dynamics of these eco-systems and monitoring changes over time.

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Elevated air temperatures in riparian ecosystems along ephemeral streams: The role of housing density

Cited by 12 publications

References 59 publications

Impacts of urban decline on local climatology: A comparison of growing and shrinking cities in the post-industrial Rust Belt

Impacts of urban decline on local climatology: A comparison of growing and shrinking cities in the post-industrial Rust Belt

Defining Dry Rivers as the Most Extreme Type of Non-Perennial Fluvial Ecosystems

UAV-based Optical Methods to Estimate the Flow of Temporary Streams and Evaluate their Environmental Status

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