Elevated air [CO2] improves photosynthetic performance and alters biomass accumulation and partitioning in drought-stressed coffee plants

A Transcriptomic Approach to Understanding the Combined Impacts of Supra-Optimal Temperatures and CO2 Revealed Different Responses in the Polyploid Coffea arabica and Its Diploid Progenitor C. canephora

“…Until now, C. canephora has provided a major source of desirable traits to C. arabica cultivars, including those associated with disease and pest resistance, such as the coffee berry disease ( Colletotrichum kahawae [ 75 ]) that was not inherent in C. arabica . Predicted global warming might endanger this crop sustainability in several producing regions [ 76 , 77 ], while increasing the extinction risk for wild coffee species [ 78 ], despite findings that eCO 2 can preserve plant physiological performance and mitigate temperature and drought impacts [ 14 , 38 , 40 ], enhancing crop yield [ 36 ] and bean quality [ 42 ]. Therefore, studies in coffee genotypes that outperform others when exposed to higher temperatures are a priority in coffee breeding programs [ 29 , 37 ] to guarantee the sustainability of the entire chain of value for this tropical agricultural product consumed worldwide.…”

“…In the last 20 years, a considerable amount of research has been devoted to environmental coffee physiology focusing on water relations and drought tolerance mechanisms, but little is still known on the mechanisms of tolerance to unfavorable temperatures, namely transcriptional and metabolic differences in response to warmer temperatures (see [ 35 ]). For instance, it has been observed that in Coffea , eCO 2 promotes a high plant vigor [ 13 ] and even crop yield [ 36 ], while improving tolerance to drought [ 37 , 38 , 39 ] and supra-optimal temperatures [ 14 , 37 , 40 , 41 ], with positive impacts on the physical and chemical traits of the coffee beans under supra-optimal temperatures, contributing to preserve its quality [ 42 ]. We previously showed that eCO 2 causes significant changes in the transcriptomic responses of C. arabica and C. canephora , with differentially expressed genes (DEGs) being much more abundant in the diploid than in C. arabica [ 43 ].…”

Drought by CO2interactions in trees: a test of the water savings mechanism

“…3). Similar compensatory effects of leaf area and g s on soil water availability have been documented elsewhere (McCarthy et al ., 2006; Warren et al ., 2011; Vaz et al ., 2012; Perry et al ., 2013; Duan et al ., 2014; Avila et al ., 2020a,b), but the strength of this interaction is variable, possibly influenced by experimental treatment (e.g. duration of CO 2 exposure, nutrient availability, and drought severity) as well as species‐specific morphological, physiological and biomass adjustments to the growth conditions (Wullschleger & Norby, 2001; Wullschleger et al ., 2002; Xu et al ., 2013; Zhou et al ., 2013; Becklin et al ., 2017).…”

“…Some studies have related the general discrepancy across experiments in the water saving effects to plant growth form, species or genetic differences, or plant water‐use strategy (Guehl et al ., 1994; Tschaplinski et al ., 1995; Polley et al ., 1999; Johnson et al ., 2002; Albert et al ., 2011a; Duan et al ., 2015, 2018), whilst others have attributed to additional mechanisms involving plant hydraulic and nonstructural carbohydrate adjustments (Avila et al ., 2020a,b). Regardless, there is a limited general understanding of the circumstances under which eC a ameliorates drought stress via water savings.…”

Effects of Micropore Group Spacing and Irrigation Amount on Soil Respiration and Yield of Tomato with Microsprinkler Irrigation under Plastic Film in Greenhouse

“…It may be because the greenhouse microenvironment is relatively closed and the CO 2 content is limited. For tomatoes with a high photorespiration rate, increasing atmospheric CO 2 concentration in a certain range can not only provide more sufficient raw materials for photosynthesis but also increase the activity of (RuBP) carboxylase of ribulose 5-diphosphate, which is beneficial to accelerate the binding of RuBP in chloroplasts to CO 2 entering chloroplasts, thus enhancing the ability of photosynthesis to fix CO 2 , formatting 3-phosphoglyceric acid (PGA), and further synthesizing photosynthetic carbohydrate through C3 cycling [63,64]. In this study, there was a positive correlation between soil moisture and soil respiration rate (see Figure 11), which was consistent with that obtained by Wei et al [65] when soil moisture content in maize planting under drip irrigation was lower than the field water holding capacity.…”