Eletrencefalograma quatitativo em crianças com epilepsia benigna da infância com pontas centrotemporais: análise de freqüências

Abstract

RESUMO -Abordaram-se parâmetros quantitativos do eletrencefalograma em crianças com epilepsia benigna da infância com pontas centrotemporais (EBICT). Foram estudadas 27 crianças com diagnósticos de EBICT. Foi realizado o eletrecenfalograma durante vigília, em repouso, e selecionadas cerca de 20 janelas com 2,56 s. Foram calculados os valores de potência absoluta e relativa nas faixas delta, teta, alfa e beta. Os resultados foram comparados aos de 27 crianças sadias pareadas quanto a idade e escolaridade materna. A potência absoluta foi significativamente maior no grupo EBICT nas nas bandas delta e teta para a quase totalidade dos eletrodos e para alguns eletrodos nas faixas alfa e beta. A potência relativa teta foi também maior no grupo EBICT na maioria dos eletrodos. Esses achados sugerem que na EBICT, embora a atividade epileptiforme seja focal. Ocorrem modificações funcionais difusas que incluem alterações do perfil da distribuição das faixas de frequência, com maior potência relativa teta.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: eletrencefalograma, eletencefalograma quantitativo, epilepsia rolândica.Quantitative electroencephalography in children with bening childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes: analysis of band power ABSTRACT -Quantitative EEG aspects are studied in children with benign childhood epilepsy with centrotempral spikes (BCET). A total of 27 children, from 7 to 11 years neurologically and intellectually normal was studied and compared to a control group of normal children. They were submitted to anamnesis, neurological examination, Raven test, digital electroencephalogram and quantitative eletroencephalogram analysis.There was a higher delta, theta, alpha and beta absolute power in most of the electrodes and of alpha and beta for some electrodes in the BCET group. Relative theta power was also higher for the BECT group in most of the electrodes. These findings suggest that in BECT there are diffuse differences form age-matched normal children including a difference in relative spectrum of electrical cerebral activity and that this may be related to a functional immaturity.KEY WORDS: electroencephalogram, quantitative electroencephalogram, EEG maturation, frequency analysis, rolandic epilepsy.As descrições da atividade de base do eletrencefalograma (EEG) em crianças com epilepsia benigna da infância com pontas centrotemporais (EBICT) se referem fundamentalmente à análise visual do traçado. A atividade elétrica cerebral de base é usualmente normal 1-3 ; esta característica é inclusive um dos critérios diagnósticos da EBICT.Braga et al. 4 ao realizarem a análise quantitativa da atividade de base em crianças com descargas centrotemporais, com ou sem crises epilépticas e com ou sem sinais lesionais cerebrais, observaram, na comparação com indivíduos normais, maior potência absoluta em várias faixas de freqüência, de modo difuso. Doze dessas crianças tinham o diagnóstico de EBICT. Os achados apontariam para alterações difusas e não apenas focais como é a atividade epileptiforme centrotemporal.Este estudo tem por objet...

Benign Childhood Epilepsy with Centra-Temporal Spikes: Quantitative EEG and the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-III)

“…The present study showed diffuse alterations in the absolute and relative theta powers, as already mentioned in the literature. 2,3 Such findings indicate diffuse functional modifications, not simply restricted to the regions involved in the epileptiform activity. One hypothesis to explain these alterations is that they are a result of maturational disturbances in the electrical activity, 2,3 since in normative EEG studies with normal children, progressive decreases in the absolute and relative powers in the delta and alpha bands were found, with increase in age.…”

“…In a specific study with children suffering from BECTS, in addition to the increase in absolute power in various frequency bands, an increase in the relative theta power was observed. 3 Thus, although EA is indeed focal in BECTS, the observation of diffuse alterations of BA in the qEEG suggests broader functional modifications, which could be related to brain immaturity. 2 On the other hand, discreet alterations in neuropsychological functions have been described in children with BECTS, which could, on occasions, interfere with school performance.…”

Working memory and phonological awareness in children with rolandic epilepsy

“…On the one hand, it is considered that the lesions caused by the manifestations of epileptic seizures are on a developing brain (Overvliet et al, 2013, Smith et al, 2012, suggesting that the reading difficulties presented by children with RE are directly associated with the amount of nocturnal epileptiform activity (Gobbi, Boni, & Filippini, 2006). On the other, there is the occurrence of overlapping cortical areas of language with epileptic activity in the central region, namely the rolandic and Sylvian regions (Fonseca et al, 2004).…”

“…This is because this area is considered to be the main weakness in the cognitive functions of this clinical subgroup, which is possibly associated to the harm caused by epilepsy crises on a developing brain (Aquino, Montenegro, Guerreiro & Guerreiro, 2005;Flax et al, 2003;Overvliet et al, 2013;Smith et al, 2012), especially on the areas of the brain related to language: the center of the brain, predominantly in the lower portion of the rolandic and Sylvian areas (Fonseca, Tedrus, Chiodi, Cerqueira & Duran, 2004;Hommet et al, 2001;Staden, Isaaca, Boyd, Brandl &, 1998;Xiao et al, 2016;Zaninotto & Hamad, 2012).…”