Elephant calling patterns as indicators of group size and composition: the basis for an acoustic monitoring system

Payne, Katharine B.; Thompson, Mya E.; Kramer, Laura

doi:10.1046/j.1365-2028.2003.00421.x

Cited by 77 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 8 publications

(8 reference statements)

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“…Like all index measures, calls per unit time is only useful as a measure if it correlates to abundance (Caughley, 1977). Results from other studies are mixed with this regard, with some reporting that call‐rate measured using recorders correlates strongly with abundance (Payne, Thompson, & Kramer, 2003), and others reporting that recorders are uninformative in relation to abundance (Cunningham, Lindenmayer, & Lindenmayer, 2004). In the case of Australasian bitterns, it is likely that call‐rate derived from recorders will be informative in terms of male bittern abundance because calling‐rate is known to be predictable, and the relationship between the number of calls heard and the number of calling individuals detected is strong (Williams, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cost‐benefit analysis of acoustic recorders as a solution to sampling challenges experienced monitoring cryptic species

Williams

O’Donnell²,

Armstrong

2018

Ecology and Evolution

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The inferences that can be made from any study are limited by the quality of the sampling design. By bad luck, when monitoring species that are difficult to detect (cryptic), sampling designs become dictated by what is feasible rather than what is desired. We calibrated and conducted a cost‐benefit analysis of four acoustic recorder options that were being considered as potential solutions to several sampling restrictions experienced while monitoring the Australasian bittern, a cryptic wetland bird. Such sampling restrictions are commonly experienced while monitoring many different endangered species, particularly those that are cryptic. The recorder options included mono and stereo devices, with two sound file processing options (visual and audible analysis). Recording devices provided call‐count data similar to those collected by field observers but at a fraction of the cost, which meant that “idealistic” sampling regimes, previously thought to be too expensive, became feasible for bitterns. Our study is one of the few to assess the monetary value of recording devices in the context of data quality, allowing trade‐offs (and potential solutions) commonly experienced while monitoring cryptic endangered species to be shown and compared more clearly. The ability to overcome challenges of monitoring cryptic species in this way increases research possibilities for data deficient species and is applicable to any species with similar monitoring challenges.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cost‐benefit analysis of acoustic recorders as a solution to sampling challenges experienced monitoring cryptic species

Williams

O’Donnell²,

Armstrong

2018

Ecology and Evolution

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“…Potential examples include forest surveys of songbirds, territorial monkey species such as gibbons, and elephants ͑e.g., Payne et al, 2003͒. Fixed passive acoustics methods are potentially invaluable for monitoring density over time at multiple sites without requiring a large amount of human resources, and for this reason will probably become common practice in the future.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating cetacean population density using fixed passive acoustic sensors: An example with Blainville’s beaked whales

Marques

Thomas

Ward

et al. 2009

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

268

290

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Methods are developed for estimating the size/density of cetacean populations using data from a set of fixed passive acoustic sensors. The methods convert the number of detected acoustic cues into animal density by accounting for ͑i͒ the probability of detecting cues, ͑ii͒ the rate at which animals produce cues, and ͑iii͒ the proportion of false positive detections. Additional information is often required for estimation of these quantities, for example, from an acoustic tag applied to a sample of animals. Methods are illustrated with a case study: estimation of Blainville's beaked whale density over a 6 day period in spring 2005, using an 82 hydrophone wide-baseline array located in the Tongue of the Ocean, Bahamas. To estimate the required quantities, additional data are used from digital acoustic tags, attached to five whales over 21 deep dives, where cues recorded on some of the dives are associated with those received on the fixed hydrophones. Estimated density was 25.3 or 22.5 animals/1000 km 2 , depending on assumptions about false positive detections, with 95% confidence intervals 17.3-36.9 and 15.4-32.9. These methods are potentially applicable to a wide variety of marine and terrestrial species that are hard to survey using conventional visual methods.

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“…Successful implementation of such devices includes monitoring cattle-foraging behavior (Clapham et al 2011), characterizing activity budgets of wildlife (Lynch et al 2013), investigation of species communication (Payne et al 2003), or identifying the presence of marine mammals (Klinck et al 2012). Real-time directional tracking of sounds is also possible (Bergamo et al 2004) and gunshot detection (e.g., ''ShotSpotter,'' available online)…”

Section: Acoustic Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel opportunities for wildlife conservation and research with real‐time monitoring

Wall

Wittemyer

Klinkenberg

et al. 2014

Ecological Applications

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Abstract. The expansion of global communication networks and advances in animaltracking technology make possible the real-time telemetry of positional data as recorded by animal-attached tracking units. When combined with continuous, algorithm-based analytical capability, unique opportunities emerge for applied ecological monitoring and wildlife conservation. We present here four broad approaches for algorithmic wildlife monitoring in real time-proximity, geofencing, movement rate, and immobility-designed to examine aspects of wildlife spatial activity and behavior not possible with conventional tracking systems. Application of these four routines to the real-time monitoring of 94 African elephants was made. We also provide details of our cloud-based monitoring system including infrastructure, data collection, and customized software for continuous tracking data analysis. We also highlight future directions of real-time collection and analysis of biological, physiological, and environmental information from wildlife to encourage further development of needed algorithms and monitoring technology. Real-time processing of remotely collected, animal biospatial data promises to open novel directions in ecological research, applied species monitoring, conservation programs, and public outreach and education.

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Elephant calling patterns as indicators of group size and composition: the basis for an acoustic monitoring system

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Cited by 77 publications

References 8 publications

Cost‐benefit analysis of acoustic recorders as a solution to sampling challenges experienced monitoring cryptic species

Cost‐benefit analysis of acoustic recorders as a solution to sampling challenges experienced monitoring cryptic species

Estimating cetacean population density using fixed passive acoustic sensors: An example with Blainville’s beaked whales

Novel opportunities for wildlife conservation and research with real‐time monitoring

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