Elephant and Rhinoceros Lymph‐node Histology

Cave, A. J. E.; Aumonier, F. J.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2818.1962.tb00486.x

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…In addition to its functional and developmental implications, the last puzzle of inverted LN is their repartition among the evolutionary tree. In the Laurasiatheria superorder, three families of the Cetarthiodactyles orders [ Suidae , Hippopotamidae and Delphinidae ( 22 , 49 )], and one from the Perissodactyles orders [ Rhinocerotidae ( 50 , 51 )] present LN inversion. In addition, Elephantidae ( 50 , 52 ), from the Afrotheria superorder would also present LN inversion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Internal Conduit System of the Swine Inverted Lymph Node

et al. 2022

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Lymph nodes (LN) are the crossroad where naïve lymphocytes, peripheral antigens and antigen presenting cells contact together in order to mount an adaptive immune response. For this purpose, LN are highly organized convergent hubs of blood and lymphatic vessels that, in the case of B lymphocytes, lead to the B cell follicles. Herein take place the selection and maturation of B cell clones producing high affinity antibodies directed against various antigens. Whereas the knowledge on the murine and human LN distribution systems have reached an exquisite precision those last years, the organization of the antigens and cells circulation into the inverted porcine LN remains poorly described. Using up to date microscopy tools, we described the complex interconnections between afferent lymphatics and blood vessels, perifollicular macrophages, follicular B cells and efferent blood vessels. We observed that afferent lymphatic sinuses presented an asymmetric Lyve-1 expression similar to the one observed in murine LN, whereas specialized perifollicular sinuses connect the main afferent lymphatic sinus to the B cell follicles. Finally, whereas it was long though that mature B cells egress from the inverted LN in the T cell zone through HEV, our observations are in agreement with mature B cells accessing the efferent blood circulation in the efferent, subcapsular area. This understanding of the inverted porcine LN circuitry will allow a more accurate exploration of swine pathogens interactions with the immune cells inside the LN structures. Moreover, the mix between similarities and differences of porcine inverted LN circuitry with mouse and human normal LN shall enable to better apprehend the functions and malfunctions of normal LN from a new perspective.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Internal Conduit System of the Swine Inverted Lymph Node

et al. 2022

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“…У лімфовузлах де основним накопичувальним резервуаром лімфи являється капсулярна (інтратрабекулярна) лімфатична цистерна (колектор ІІ типу), лімфатичні часточки розміщуються в один ряд переважно вздовж перитрабекулярних синусів, де можуть формувати багаторівневі сфероподібні скупчення через виражену складчастість глибокої кори. Лімфатичні вузли з колекторами ІІ типу характерні для свині (Hoshi, 1986), верблюдів (Gavrilin et al, 2013), слонів і носорога (Cave & Aumonier, 1962a;1962b), дельфіна (Moskov et al, 1969), у той час як лімфатичні вузли з колекторами І типу характерні для усіх інших ссавців (Willard-Mack, 2006;Patt & Randolph, 2013;Gavrilin et al, 2017a).…”

Section: вступunclassified

Postnatal morphogenesis of lymph node parenchyma compartments in meat rabbit breeds

Myroshnychenko¹

2020

TAVM

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The regularities of the formation and development of lymphoid lobules of lymph nodes parenchyma (somatic and visceral) in meat rabbits breeds during their postnatal period of ontogenesis were analyzed. We used standard histological research methods in combination with the impregnation of the midline histological sections with silver nitrate to visualize lymphoid lobules and their separate functional zones. The aim of the research was to establish the peculiarities of the histoarchitectonics of lymph nodes parenchyma in various localization according to the concept of their lobular structure in mammals and the patterns of the parenchymal lymphoid lobules transformations in the age aspect. The lymph nodes of 1-, 10-, 20-, 30-, 60-and 90-day-old meat rabbit breed (Hyplus cross) were examined. It was found that in the lymph nodes of one-day-old rabbits, the stromal component is formed by a capsule that surrounds poorly differentiated parenchymaa set of lymphoid cells and reticular fibers. Separation of lymphatic lobules and their structural and functional differentiation first appear in 10-day-old rabbits. In each lobule, units of the deep cortex (T-cell dependent zone), single lymphatic nodules (B-cell dependent zone), and medullary cords were indistinctly delimited among themselves. At the age of 20-days-old, the architectonics of lymphoid lobules was characterized by a more distinct differentiation of individual functional zones, and the number of lymphatic nodules without centers of reproduction was increased markedly. They were located exclusively at the upper pole of the lobules along the edge (subcapsular) sinusStarting from 30-days-old, at the structural and functional level of the organization, the lobules of the nodes parenchyma were completely divided into separate components: the centers of the units of the deep cortex, the paracortical and medullary cords, lymphatic nodules with and without centers, the interfollicular zone. From 60 to 90 days-old, qualitative and quantitative changes occurred in the deep cortex units, this was determined by an increase in their size, a significant increase in the number of lymphatic nodules with centers of reproduction, both on the periphery of lymphoid lobules and at the base of the medullary cords.

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“…В тоже время на сегодняшний день установлено, что описанная выше структура внутриузлового лимфатического русла у представителей класса млекопитающих не является однотипной и универсальной (Krishtoforova and Prokushenkova, 2005). У свиней (Hoshi, 1986;Gavrilin et al, 2014), а также верблюдов (Gavrilin et al, 2017b), слонов (Cave and Aumonier, 1962a), дельфинов (Moskov et al, 1969) и носорогов (Cave and Aumonier, 1962b) основными лимфатическими коллекторами в лимфатических узлах являются не краевые синусы, а специализированные хорошо развитые лимфатические цистерны, расположенные в толще мощных капсулярных трабекул. В отличие от коллектора в виде краевого синуса, отток лимфы из которого происходит преимущественно однонаправленно в корковые синусы узлов, из трабекулярной лимфатической цистерны лимфа через многочисленные интратрабекулярные каналы одновременно поступает в различные синусы паренхимы, как поверхностные, так и глубокие (Hoshi, 1986).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Гистоархитектоника Паренхимы Лимфатических Узлов Млекопитающих С Различными Типами Строения Внутриузлового Лимфатического Русла

2017

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The article analyzes the features of the histoarchitectonics of the lymph nodes of the bull (Bos taurus) and the pig (Sus scrofa domestica), depending on the type of structure and localization of the intranodal lymphatic channel. We studied somatic (Limphonodi (L.) cervicales superficiales) and visceral (L. jejunales) lymph nodes of clinically healthy mature male bulls and swine (16 and 6 months old, respectively). A complex of classical histological techniques was used, as well as the method of impregnating sections of lymph nodes with silver nitrate, modified by the authors. The main accumulative-distribution link in the lymph nodes of the bull is the subcapsular sinus (type I lymphatic collector), and in the lymph nodes of the pig -the capsular (intratrabecular) lymphatic tanks (type II lymphatic colector). In nodes with collectors of type I, the cortex has a simple layered structure, its outer layer is formed by a compact cortical plateau (interfollicular zone), and the inner layer is formed by a complex of spherical units of the deep cortex. In nodes with collectors of type II, the cortex is layered-folded, uneven in width. Cortical folds are formed along the capsular trabeculae with intratrabecular lymphatic tanks. The cortex plateau in the layered-folded cortex is more developed at the base of the folds, and the units of the deep cortex are at their apexes, where they form clusters in the form of specific nest-shaped structures. In nodes, regardless of the type of intranodal lymphatic channel, the surface cortex (cortical plateau) is located directly under the underlying lymphatic collectors, repeating their shape, the zones of clonal proliferation of B-lymphocytes are formed along the main collector on the basis of cortical plateau and its derivative structures (on the basis of paracortical and medullary cords). The zones of proliferation of T-lymphocytes are maximally close to the main collector, separated from it by a strip of cortical plateau, form a complex of spherical thickenings, which together form a deep cortex. The stroma and parenchyma are more developed in the nodes with collectors of type II (cumulative relative volume of stroma -9-14% and 6-10%, parenchyma -80-87% and 70-81%, respectively), and lymphatic sinuses -in nodes with collectors of I type (13-20% and 4-6% respectively). In the parenchyma of the lymph nodes of both groups, the zones of proliferation of Tlymphocytes predominate (the centers of deep cortex units are 27-42%), as well as the zones of accumulation of plasma cells and antibody formation (medullary cords -17-29%), the first of which are more developed in the pig, and the latter at the nodes of the bull. The cumulative relative volume of the interfollicular zone (cortical plateau) in the studied nodes does not exceed 6-11%, and the zone of clonal proliferation of B lymphocytes (lymph nodulus) is 5-14%. These zones are more developed in the lymph nodes of the pig. Paracortical cords have the minimum and practically equivalent relative volume in the nodes of both groups (3-5%...

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Elephant and Rhinoceros Lymph‐node Histology

Cited by 15 publications

References 1 publication

The Internal Conduit System of the Swine Inverted Lymph Node

The Internal Conduit System of the Swine Inverted Lymph Node

Postnatal morphogenesis of lymph node parenchyma compartments in meat rabbit breeds

Гистоархитектоника Паренхимы Лимфатических Узлов Млекопитающих С Различными Типами Строения Внутриузлового Лимфатического Русла

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