Elements of water bacteriology, with special reference to sanitary water analysis

Bathing Activities and Microbiological River Water Quality in the Paris Area: A Long-Term Perspective

“…This fecal indicator paradigm developed at the end of the nineteenth century, because it was obvious that waterborne diseases were mostly gastroenteritis. Since it was impossible to monitor all enteric pathogens, microbiologists focused on FIBs as indirect predictors of their presence ( [10][11][12]). In 1892, Schardinger [12] proposed using Bacterium coli which was isolated by Theodor Escherich in 1885 [13] and was renamed Escherichia coli in 1919 [14].…”

Standard Methods and New Procedures for the Isolation of Colon Bacilli from Water

“…Among the earlier procedures were the use of bile media, of phenol broth, of media containing neutral red, of aesculin media, of liver broth and cultivation at 46°C. References to these earlier studies are given in detail by Prescott and Winslow (1931). Most of them have been abandoned; but the Eijkman test (in-4561 volving cultivation at 460 C.) has recently been studied by Leiter (1929), Brown and Skinner (1930), and Perry and Hajna (1933); and bile still plays a part in some of the more recent media.…”